The Changing Role of Women in the Armed Forces

Goldman, Nancy

doi:10.1086/225409

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Paradoxically, many couples criticized the military for treating families as secondary in importance, while the officers we interviewed claimed to have no desire to intervene in their subordinates' family affairs; yet, without the remarkable accommodations families made, husbands would receive little of the comfort, nurturance, or physical support that the military implicitly assumes in order to have a reliable labor force. Earlier researchers have noted this paradox of military life (e.g., Dobrofsky and Batterson 1977;Goldman 1973) and prior studies of shiftwork have suggested that work schedules influence the quality of family life; however, this research brings the two together to show the extraordinary contributions families make to work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Making Family under a Shiftwork Schedule: Air Force Security Guards and Their Wives

Hertz¹,

Charlton²

1989

Social Problems

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.University of California Press and Society for the Study of Social Problems are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Social Problems.Through 90 in-depth interviews with 44 rotating shiftworkers and their spouses, this study examines how couples adjust their routines in order to interact as a family unit. We suggest that their views of marital roles are a critical force shaping their practices of daily family life. Wives, even when employed, are responsible for coordinating the individual schedules of family members to match that of the shift-working husband. Wives pay a price for this adjustment work in the form of biological, and emotional symptoms similar to those previously reported only for shiftworkers. Despite their efforts to be providers, husbands pay a price in terms of guilt and anger when work demands limit their ability to fully participate in family life. Further, dual-earner couples rely on husbands (father care'} and informal arrangements to cover child care for economical and social reasons, not simply to provide husbands with an opportunity to interact with children. Yet, despite higher levels of father care, traditional gender roles have not been altered in that working wives still retain primary responsibility for children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Making Family under a Shiftwork Schedule: Air Force Security Guards and Their Wives

Hertz¹,

Charlton²

1989

Social Problems

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“…Erikson (1968) pointed out that adolescents are sensitive to feedback regarding behavioural norms from peer groups. Goldman (1973) stated that women who join the military are likely to accept its existing authority structures and internal values, but are indifferent to the women's liberation movement. The current research group seems to be sensitive to the norms of both their military peers as well as the authority figures (officers) and subject themselves to the existing norms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's Achievement Motivation: A Multi-Dimensional Construct

Erwee

Boshoff

1982

South African Journal of Psychology

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The research group consisted of 121 adolescent women students in a military training unit. Seven questionnaires, constructed to measure cognitive dimensions of achievement motivation, were administered in January and December of the same year. Principal axis factor analysis with Varimax rotation of the data gathered in January, yielded five factors, viz. (a) a rigid value system; (b) attitude regarding causality;(c) need for dependence on others versus independence of others; (d) orientation to socially acceptable norms; and (e) attitude regarding feedback from the environment.The factorial structure extracted from the data gathered in December again yielded the first three factors but also included a new unique factor viz. autonomous and social achievement values. These results supported the hypothesis that the achievement motivation construct as manifested by the research group, is multidimensional. Significant coefficients of congruence between the factorial structures obtained in January and December supported the hypothesis that the achievement motivation construct remained stable over a period of one year.S. Afr. J. Psychol. 1982, 12: 41 -50 Die ondersoekgroep het bestaan uit 121 adolessente damestudente aan 'n rnilitere opleidingseenheid. Sewe meetinstrumente wat opgestel is om kognitiewe, bewuste dimensies van prestaste-orlentaste te meet, is in Januarie en weer in Desember toegepas. Hoofas-faktoranalise met Varimax-rotasie is toegepas op die Januarie-metings en het vyf faktore gelewer, naamlik: (a) 'n geslote waardesisteem; (b) houding teenoor veroorsaking; (c) behoefte aan afhanklikheid van ander versus onafhanklikheid van ander; (d) ortentasle tot sosiaal aanvaarbare norme; en (e) houding teenoor terugvoer van die omgewing.Die faktorstruktuur onttrek uit die Desember-metings sluit die eerste drie faktore in, maar toon ook die vorming aan van 'n nuwe faktor, naamlik outonome en sosiale prestaslewaardes. Hierdie bevindings bevestig die hipotese dat die konstruk prestasie-orlentas!e, gemanifesteer deur die navorsingsgroep, multidimensioneel is. Beduidende koettlslente van kongruensie tussen die Januarie-en Desember-faktorstrukture bevestig die hipotese dat die konstruk prestaste-orlentasle by die ondersoekgroep stabiel gebly het oor 'n tydperk van een jaar.

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“…Earlier research indicated that divorce rates are unusually low, especially in the Air Force (Goldman, 1973). If benefits are encouraging and perhaps prolonging marriage in the military, there may be higher fertility rates not only for enlisted men, but also for the growing number of enlisted women, many of whom are married to enlisted men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Family formation among women in the U.S. military: Evidence from the nLSY

Lundquist

Smith

2005

J of Marriage and Family

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Although female employment is associated with lower levels of completed fertility in the civilian world, we find family formation rates among U.S. military women to be comparatively high. We compare enlisted women with civilian women using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 3,547), the only data set to measure simultaneously the nuptiality and fertility of both populations. Using propensity score matching, we show that the fertility effect derives primarily from early marriage in the military, a surprisingly “family‐friendly” institution. This shows that specific organizational and economic incentives in a working environment may offset the more widespread contemporary social and economic factors that otherwise depress marriage and fertility.

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The Changing Role of Women in the Armed Forces

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Making Family under a Shiftwork Schedule: Air Force Security Guards and Their Wives

Making Family under a Shiftwork Schedule: Air Force Security Guards and Their Wives

Women's Achievement Motivation: A Multi-Dimensional Construct

Family formation among women in the U.S. military: Evidence from the nLSY

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