The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist

Pompella, Alfonso; Visvikis, Athanase; Paolicchi, Aldo; Tata, Vincenzo De; Casini, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(03)00504-5

Cited by 1,156 publications

(823 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…to limitation of the destruction (22). In prepuberty, exerciseassociated increase of prooxidation markers was greater in obese than that in normal-weight subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

et al. 2015

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Background:Oxidative stress is associated with obesity while the evidence for the role of GH in pro-and antioxidation is inconclusive. This study investigates the relationships between growth hormone (GH), pro-and antioxidation in relation to obesity and puberty before and after an acute bout of exercise. Methods: In this case-control study, 76 healthy normalweight and obese, prepubertal and pubertal boys underwent a blood sampling before and immediately after an aerobic exercise bout until exhaustion at 70% maximal oxygen consumption. Markers of prooxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (PCs)) and antioxidation (glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) and hormones (GH, insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-BP-3, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone) were measured. results: Baseline and postexercise TBARS and PCs were greater, while baseline GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, GPX, and TAC were lower in obese than that in normal-weight participants. In all participants, waist was the best negative and positive predictor for postexercise GPX and TBARS, respectively. Baseline TAC was greater in pubertal than that in pre-pubertal participants. In all participants, baseline GH was the best negative predictor for postexercise PCs. Significant positive linear correlation exists between the exercise-associated GH, and GSSG increases in pubertal normal-weight boys. conclusions: Higher prooxidation and lower antioxidation were observed in obese boys, while antioxidation improves with puberty and postexercise, paralleling GH accentuated secretion.o xidative stress defines a state of imbalance between proand antioxidation within the cell (1). Prooxidation refers to mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial mechanisms, which generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), whereas antioxidation refers to the adaptive activation of enzymatic and/ or nonenzymatic mechanisms, which scavenge prooxidants and their products within cells and in extracellular body fluids (1). Because the direct measurement of RONS is difficult to perform, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (PCs) have been employed as markers of prooxidation (1). Glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase and the so-called total antioxidant capacity (TAC) have been employed as markers of antioxidation (2-4). Oxidative stress in humans has been associated with obesity and resulting comorbidities (1,5,6). Childhood obesity has been associated with oxidative stress even before comorbidities occur (6,7).Puberty is a maturation period in human development, when sexual characteristics and reproductive competence are developed (8). It is characterized by changes in the dynamically regulated hypothalamic-growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes (9). ...

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“…to limitation of the destruction (22). In prepuberty, exerciseassociated increase of prooxidation markers was greater in obese than that in normal-weight subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

et al. 2015

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“…It is also a pharmaceutical drug and nutritional supplement. Acetylcysteine serves as a precursor of cysteine which participates in glutathione generation preventing damage caused by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides (Pompella et al, 2003). Hence, N-acetylcysteine is commonly considered as a biologic antioxidant reagent.…”

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confidence: 99%

Differential response of normal and malignant urothelial cells to CHK1 and ATM inhibitors

2014

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“…In addition to a very high frequency of Ki-ras activation by point mutation [95], such as those caused by AF, there is evidence of an autocrine loop involving the overexpression of transforming growth factor alpha and the epidermal growth factor receptor [96,97]. These abnormalities may be linked as there is in vitro evidence that activation of ras oncogenes causes upregulation of TGF alpha expression [98].…”

Section: Aflatoxins In Pancreas Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Gastroenterologists Consider Aflatoxins as Origin of Digestive System Cancers?

Carvajal-Moreno¹

2017

J Pharmacovigil

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Aflatoxins are important etiological factors for cancers in the digestive system that have not been extensively studied. The present review describes reports of the presence of aflatoxins in cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, colon and rectum. The presence of AFB 1 -FAPY adducts and mutations in codon 249 of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in colorectal cancer tumors and Ki-ras activation by point mutation in pancreas cancer are reliable criteria to accept AFs as an important etiological factor. The Ministries of Health of the different countries should perform more preventive practices on crops in the field and in warehouses; they should chemically analyze aflatoxins in fresh and industrialized foods for humans and feeds for animals to avoid the presence of these dangerous toxins.

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The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist

Cited by 1,156 publications

References 43 publications

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

Differential response of normal and malignant urothelial cells to CHK1 and ATM inhibitors

Do Gastroenterologists Consider Aflatoxins as Origin of Digestive System Cancers?

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