The change of etiological agents and clinical signs of epidemic viral conjunctivitis over an 18-year period in southern Taiwan

Chang, Cheng-Hsien; Lin, Kuei-Hsiang; Sheu, Min-Muh; Huang, Wen-Loong; Wang, Huei-Zu; Chen, Chen-Wu

doi:10.1007/s00417-003-0680-2

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Enterovirus type 70 (EV70), a member of the Picornaviridae, is one of the etiologic agents of AHC. This recently emerged virus (25) has caused two global AHC pandemics (4,24), underscoring its highly transmissible nature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus 70 Receptor Utilization Is Controlled by Capsid Residues That Also Regulate Host Range and Cytopathogenicity

Kim

Racaniello

2007

J Virol

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Three of these capsid amino acids are predicted to be located in the canyon encircling the fivefold axis of symmetry, one amino acid is found at the fivefold axis of symmetry, and one is located the interior of the capsid. The five EV70 residues define a region of the capsid that controls viral host range, DAF utilization, and cytopathogenicity.Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a viral infection of the eye that was first reported in Ghana in 1969 (5). This highly contagious infection is transmitted through direct or indirect contact with eye secretions. An incubation period of 24 to 48 h is followed by rapid onset of ocular pain, swelling of the eyelids, excessive tearing, pain, and subconjunctival hemorrhage. The disease usually resolves in 3 to 7 days. Enterovirus type 70 (EV70), a member of the Picornaviridae, is one of the etiologic agents of AHC. This recently emerged virus (25) has caused two global AHC pandemics (4, 24), underscoring its highly transmissible nature.EV70 is an unusual enterovirus because AHC is not initiated through the alimentary tract but upon introduction of the virus directly into the eye. The pathogenesis of AHC has not been studied due to lack of a suitable animal model. EV70 has been shown to cause conjunctivitis in the rabbit (21), but little progress has been made with this animal model because there are few immunological reagents or defined mutants available. In humans, paralysis occurs in approximately 1 of 10,000 symptomatic EV70 infections (41). Unlike poliomyelitis, this complication is transient and involves both acute flaccid paralysis of the lower limbs and cranial nerve palsies. The mechanism by which EV70 enters the central nervous system (CNS) and the associated switch from eye to CNS pathogenesis has not been studied.Several mouse models for viral diseases have been established by producing transgenic mice expressing cell receptors for viruses. These animal models have proven valuable for studying the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis (15, 34), measles (3,9,16,28,33), and echovirus paralysis and myocarditis (17). At least one cell receptor for EV70 is decay accelerating factor (DAF), also known as CD55 (19). CD55 is a member of the family of regulators of complement activation and is an important modulator of the complement system (23). Treatment of cells with neuraminidase blocks binding of EV70 (1, 18, 39); however, this effect is not due to removal of sialic acid on CD55. Rather, a second sialylated cell surface protein may be required for EV70 binding. The finding that EV70 can infect human leukocyte cell lines that do not produce CD55 at detectable levels also suggests the presence of a second cell surface receptor for the virus (10).To facilitate genetic analysis of EV70 receptor utilization, the first infectious DNA copy of the EV70 genome was constructed and used to study two strains of the virus with a distinct host range. One virus isolate, EV70-Rmk, replicates in rhesus monkey kidney cells and poorly in HeLa cells and does not cause cytopathic effects. H...

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Enterovirus 70 Receptor Utilization Is Controlled by Capsid Residues That Also Regulate Host Range and Cytopathogenicity

Kim

Racaniello

2007

J Virol

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“…The serotypes AdV8, 19 and 37 are often associated to epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) although other serotypes such as 2,3,4,5,7,10,11,21,22,29 and 34 have also been associated to this illness 5,9,13,17,20,22 . Pharyngealconjunctival fever, a disease commonly affecting children, is most commonly caused by serotypes 3 and 7 whereas serotypes 1 to 11, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20 and 22 are agents of non-specific follicular conjunctivitis 6,7 . The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of adenoviral conjunctivitis in the population of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to identify the predominant serotype circulating among this population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus conjunctivitis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 2004 and 2007

Maranhão

Soares

Albuquerque

et al. 2009

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYViral conjunctivitis is a common, highly contagious disease often caused by adenovirus. We investigate the frequency of adenoviral conjunctivitis in the population of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2004 and May 2007 and identified the predominant serotype circulating among this population. Seventy-five ocular swabs were collected from 66 patients with clinical presentation of conjunctivitis. The specimens were analyzed for detection of adenovirus (AdV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were further analyzed for virus typing by sequence analysis and/or heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). Forty-five samples (60%) were positive for AdV of which 21 samples were typed as AdV19 (46.7%), 7 AdV8 (15.5%), 3 AdV31 (6.7%), and one each AdV1, AdV2, AdV3, AdV4 and AdV6. For nine samples the serotype was not determined. AdV19 was the predominant serotype circulating in Rio de Janeiro during the studied period.

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“…Adenoviral konjonktivit hastalarında %8,7-33 oranında subkonjonktival hemoraji gelişimi bildirilmiştir. 9 Çalışmamızda ise bu oran düşük olup 3 (%4,2) hastada subkonjonktival hemoraji izlenmiştir. Üç hastanın 2'sinde bilateral ve 1'inde sol gözde subkonjonktival hemoraji saptanmıştır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…6 Ancak, hastalığın uzun sürmesi sonrası çeşitli formlarda korneanın epitel katmanının tutulması izlenebilmektedir. 9 Adenoviral konjonktivit esnasında görülen epitelyal keratitler, kornea epitelinde adenovirüs çoğalmasına bağlıdır. Subepitelyal keratitler ise yüzeyel kornea stromasında enfekte olan keratositlere immünopatolojik yanıt olarak oluş-maktadır.…”

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Evaluation of Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Cases with Adenoviral Conjunctivitis

Kantarcı¹,

Demirci²,

Özsütçü³

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol

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Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Adenoviral konjonktivit görülen hastaların demografik ve klinik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Klinik olarak adenoviral konjonktivit tanımlanan hastalar değerlendirildi. Hastaların cinsiyeti, yaşı, etkilenen gözü, yakınlarında aynı göz belirtileri olan kişi-lerin olup olmadığı, havuz veya denize girme öyküleri kaydedildi. Biyomikroskopi ile ön segment muayenelerinde foliküler konjonktivit görülen hastalar konjonktiva hiperemisi, siliyer enjeksiyonu, kemozis, kapak ödemi, subkonjonktiva hemorajisi, kornea tutulumu ve psödomembran oluşumu açısından incelendi. Çalışmamızda adenoviral konjonktivitlerin daha çok hangi yaşlarda görüldüğü, bulaşıcılık durumunun olup olmadığı araştırıldı. Hastalarda kornea tutulumunun diğer faktörlerle ilişkisi değerlendirildi. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Çalışma, 28 (%38,9) kadın, 44 (%61,1) erkek olmak üzere toplam 72 hasta ile yapıldı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 19,35±15,27 (1-58) yıl idi. Muayene esnasında 16 (%22,2) hastanın sağ gözü, 15 (%20,9) hastanın sol gözü ve 41 (%56,9) hastanın her iki gözü etkilenmişti. Konjonktivitin ortaya çıkma şekli sorgulandığında 22 (%30,6) hastada bulaş yolu saptanmadı. Elli (%69,4) hastada yakın çevre kaynaklı bulaşma olduğu görüldü. Bulaşma görülen 50 hastadan 21 (%42) hastaya aile içinden, 3 (%6) hastaya yaşadıkları apartmanın sakinlerinden, 17 (%34) hastaya arkadaşlarından, 3 (%6) hastaya denizden, 4 (%8) hastaya daha önce gittikleri hastaneden, 2 (%4) hastaya kreşten bulaşıcılık olduğu öğrenildi. Korneal tutulum görülen 16 hastanın 11 (%68,8)'inde her iki gözde subepitelyal keratit izlendi. S So on nu uç ç: : Adenoviral konjonktivit, kişinin günlük faaliyetlerini etkileyerek yaşam kalitesini düşürebilir. Yüksek bulaşıcılık oranı olan bu konjonktivit tipinde hem klinisyenin hem de hastanın bulaşıcılık konusunda dikkatli olması öneril-melidir.

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The change of etiological agents and clinical signs of epidemic viral conjunctivitis over an 18-year period in southern Taiwan

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

Enterovirus 70 Receptor Utilization Is Controlled by Capsid Residues That Also Regulate Host Range and Cytopathogenicity

Enterovirus 70 Receptor Utilization Is Controlled by Capsid Residues That Also Regulate Host Range and Cytopathogenicity

Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus conjunctivitis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 2004 and 2007

Evaluation of Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Cases with Adenoviral Conjunctivitis

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