The challenges of Web accessibility: The technical and social aspects of a truly universal Web

Abstract

This paper explores the concept of Web accessibility and how technologies, guidelines and policies have evolved since the turn of the twenty-first century in order to address the ideals of equitable access to online content for all people. The paper discusses the high availability of assistive technologies built into consumer devices and the associated accessibility guidelines for Web sites and content. Through examination of the literature, this paper shows that the accessible design and assessment of Web sites can be complicated, and that social media, corporate and government Web sites are yet to fully realise the goals of an accessible Web. The paper concludes with the view that disability awareness, more than technology and policy, is perhaps the primary obstacle to a more universally accessible Web.

Evaluation of WebPages performance W.R.T UI/UX developed using different frameworks

“…Evaluation of WebPages performance W.R.T UI/UX developed using different frameworks [3] So it is a major task: (i) to choose which technology or framework should be used by the developer while developing the web-portals, (ii) to choose among the frameworks for code re-usability, (iii) to identifying the factors affecting the User Interface of the websites. [6], [7] III. UI / UX UI refers to space and method created as the junction between a user and a product.…”

Acessibilidade digital: Uma análise em portais de Instituições Federais de Educação do Brasil

“…Conforme descrevem Sonza, Conforto e Santarosa (2008), a avaliação manual é recomendada pelo World Wide Web Consortium (W3W) e se faz necessária porque alguns problemas de acessibilidade não são detectados por meio de verificadores automáticos. Embora as avaliações manuais sejam mais demoradas e trabalhosas, elas fornecem uma imagem muito mais precisa da acessibilidade no mundo real dos websites (Brown & Hollier, 2015;Galvez & Youngblood, 2016).…”

Web Accessibility Challenges

“…Nevertheless, few web designers follow accessibility guidelines [42]. Although the WAI of the W3C have published online guidelines, most IT professionals are unaware of them, and companies that have government contracts are mandated by their government"s legislation to make their websites accessible [8]. The low level of accessibility is likely to be the result of several factors.…”

“…In addition, web accessibility faces several challenges such as resource allocation, established managerial practices, and time limitation [5]. As a matter of fact, new research findings [6,7,8] suggest an imminent need to look beyond the "how to" question of designing websites in order to consider accessibility constraints, accessibility context and the role of professionals who normally are involved in website development, e.g. web designers, web developers, and quality assurance engineers.…”

“…This will make websites more accessible to different types of Internet users. The following is a list of challenges related to web accessibility in developing countries adopted from [8,9,10,11]:…”