“…This multiplicity is reflected in a multidisciplinary identity in ethnobiology, which employs diverse methods from both natural and social sciences, such as archaeology, biological systematics, cognitive psychology, cultural anthropology, human geography, and plant genetics. As ethnobiologists have highlighted rapid environmental change (Wyndham, Lepofsky and Tiffany 2011;Wolverton 2013) and decolonization (McAlvay et al 2021) as focal points of new phases of ethnobiology, the methodological diversity of the field has been further growing through normative projects such as action ethnobiology (Armstrong and McAlvay 2019) and transdisciplinary research (Athayde, Stepp and Ballester 2016;Bollettin, El-Hani and Ludwig 2023). Contemporary ethnobiology therefore focuses not only on the study of human and natural systems but also on interventions in areas such as environmental justice, conservation policy, agroecology, biocultural heritage, Indigenous rights, land conflicts, food security, and food sovereignty (Vandebroek et al 2020;Renck et al 2023).…”