The Challenges of Measuring Integrated Antennas at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies [Measurements Corner]

Boehm, Linus; Boegelsack, Frank; Hitzler, Martin; Waldschmidt, Christian

doi:10.1109/map.2017.2706652

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The authors would like to thank Prof. Y. P. Zhang for his help in measurement. Table 1 Comparison between conventional antenna and proposed one for evaluation References [6,8,9,15,25,26,28] [8, 14, 27] [16] This work antenna category broadside: patch [9,25], dielectric resonator [28] bow-tie slot [8] rectangular slot [14] back-to-back horn slotted horn array end-fire: vivaldi [8,15] and quasi-Yagi [6,26] monopole [27] -center frequency 120 GHz [6], 77 GHz [8], 60 GHz [9,15,26], 280 GHz [28], 38 GHz [25] 77 GHz [8], 60 GHz [14,27] 77 GHz 94 GHz radiation pattern smooth (broadside + end-fire) smooth (omni-directional) rippled (omnidirectional)…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rippled (omnidirectional) times of evaluation at least two one or two one one fabrication process IPD [6,15], alumina [8], PCB [9], silicon [25,26,28] alumina [8], glass [27] multi-layered PCB single-layered PCB cost high high middle low sensitivity evaluation limited limited yes yes validation of results simulation and measurement simulation and measurement simulation theoretical analysis, simulation and measurement…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design, analysis and verification of integrated horn array for fast evaluation of probe‐fed antenna measurement setup

Kong

Shen

Yang

et al. 2019

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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Several advanced measurement setups are built up to characterise millimetre‐wave (mmWave) antennas fed by microelectronic probes. To evaluate these setups themselves, two or more high‐cost antenna samples are conventionally required for several time‐consuming calibrations. A low‐cost horn array for fast evaluation is proposed, theoretically analysed, and experimentally validated. This horn array simultaneously radiates at end‐fire and broad side, and therefore can be used to replace two standalone samples such as patch and Yagi antennas. Moreover, this horn array features rippled pattern with a precisely‐controllable series of nulls for sensitivity measurement and straightforward comparison for evaluation. By using the substrate integrated waveguide structure, a mmWave horn array is fabricated in a single‐layer printed circuit board to feature easy fabrication and low cost. Good agreement between simulation and measurement shows that, the proposed horn array significantly facilitate a fast and low‐cost evaluation of the probe‐fed antenna measurement setup.

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Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, analysis and verification of integrated horn array for fast evaluation of probe‐fed antenna measurement setup

Kong

Shen

Yang

et al. 2019

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,2 The measurement system that is used for the characterization of mmW antennas must accommodate for (1) complex feeding configurations, (2) different scanning angles and planes, and (3) precise spatial and angular alignments to reduce both phase and amplitude errors. 3 Until very recently, separate positioners, depending on the antenna under test (AUT), served to capture mmW wave antenna measurements. Spherical positioners such as those in References 4-7 could be used for antennas with lower directivity, but are limited by their size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they provide the flexibility of multiple scanning surfaces and the integration of multiple test instruments, such as personal computers (PCs) and network analyzers. Although large robotic arms 3,10,11 have been implemented for antenna pattern measurements, their size reduces their repeatability and accuracy, which is of high importance for mmW antenna measurements. In this paper, a pattern measurement system implementing a compact robot as a positioner is reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotically‐controlled antenna measurement system for millimeter‐wave applications

Matos

Humanchuk

Ghalichechian

2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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The characterization of antenna radiation patterns in millimeter-wave (mmW) bands can be particularly challenging. Due to a small wavelength, minute misplacement of the probe antenna in the order of few millimeters can generate substantial errors in the measured pattern. A highly precise measurement system that incorporates a 6-axis compact robotic arm is implemented to overcome this challenge. System testing shows a positional accuracy and repeatability of approximately 20 μm or 0.004λ at 60 GHz. After implementation, programming, and testing, the system is used to measure gain patterns on three different mmW antennas. The radiation pattern of a 50-75 GHz standard gain horn antenna demonstrated the accurate measurement at the far-field using the robotically controlled system. Furthermore, the characterization of the center element pattern of a 60 GHz phased array has shown that the measurements with this system are repeatable and suitable for arrays as well. Additionally, we performed near-field measurements by successfully characterizing a 40-60 GHz horn antenna with a planar scan.

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“…However, on-chip antennas cannot be characterized in the usual manner, i.e., by a connectorized measurement in an anechoic chamber [7], [8]. Instead, the antenna needs to be connected using on-wafer probes, which are widely used to determine the performance of integrated circuits (ICs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Probing Reliability in Antenna-on-Chip Measurements

Liu

Reniers

Johannsen

et al. 2018

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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The Challenges of Measuring Integrated Antennas at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies [Measurements Corner]

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Design, analysis and verification of integrated horn array for fast evaluation of probe‐fed antenna measurement setup

Design, analysis and verification of integrated horn array for fast evaluation of probe‐fed antenna measurement setup

Robotically‐controlled antenna measurement system for millimeter‐wave applications

Improved Probing Reliability in Antenna-on-Chip Measurements

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