The challenge of predicting spinnability: Investigating benefits of adding lignin to cellulose solutions in air‐gap spinning

Bengtsson, Jenny; Jedvert, Kerstin; Köhnke, Tobias; Theliander, Hans

doi:10.1002/app.50629

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…S5). As the titer decreases, the elastic stress increases once all the chains reach their maximum elongated state (Bengtsson et al 2021). At some point, the filaments get too thin that the shear stress exceeds the tensile strength of the filament leading to a gradually increasing cohesive fracture (Fisher and Denn 1976).…”

Section: L/d Ratio Of the Spinnerets: Effect On Toughness And Tenacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers

et al. 2021

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The production of cellulose-based textile fibers with high toughness is vital for extending the longevity and thus developing a sustainable textile industry by reducing the global burden of microplastics. This study presented strategies to improve fiber toughness by tuning spinneret geometries. Experimental studies were conducted by spinning with different spinneret geometries and measuring the mechanical and structural properties of the spun fibers. In addition, numerical simulation tools were used to better understand the effects of spinneret geometry. The altering parameters of the spinneret geometries were the capillary diameters D, the angle of the entry cone into the spinning capillary, and the ratio of capillary length to diameter L/D. The highest fiber toughness could be achieved at a capillary aspect ratio of 1 to 2. The obtained maximum fiber toughness was 93 MPa with a tensile strength of 60 cN/tex and a concomitant elongation of 16.5%. For these fiber properties, a 13 wt% solution of a high-purity pulp with higher viscosity in [DBNH][OAc] was spun into a 1.3 dtex fiber using a D100 spinneret with a capillary of 1:1 length/diameter and an entrance angle of 8°. It was noticeable that the microvoid orientations decreased almost linearly with increasing toughness of the fibers. The morphologies of the fibers were similar regardless of the spinneret geometries and the raw materials used in the spinning process. In summary, by modulating the spinneret geometries, Ioncell fibers obtained high toughness that have the potential to replace synthetic fibers.

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Section: L/d Ratio Of the Spinnerets: Effect On Toughness And Tenacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers

et al. 2021

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“…The PF tensile properties are summarized in Table S1 while a thorough investigation of the rheological behavior of the spinning solutions and microstructural characterization of the spun PFs can be found in our previous works. 25 , 26 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Stabilization and Carbonization of a Lignin–Cellulose Precursor to Carbon Fiber

Bengtsson

Jedvert

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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The demand for carbon fibers (CFs) based on renewable raw materials as the reinforcing fiber in composites for lightweight applications is growing. Lignin–cellulose precursor fibers (PFs) are a promising alternative, but so far, there is limited knowledge of how to continuously convert these PFs under industrial-like conditions into CFs. Continuous conversion is vital for the industrial production of CFs. In this work, we have compared the continuous conversion of lignin–cellulose PFs (50 wt % softwood kraft lignin and 50 wt % dissolving-grade kraft pulp) with batchwise conversion. The PFs were successfully stabilized and carbonized continuously over a total time of 1.0–1.5 h, comparable to the industrial production of CFs from polyacrylonitrile. CFs derived continuously at 1000 °C with a relative stretch of −10% (fiber contraction) had a conversion yield of 29 wt %, a diameter of 12–15 μm, a Young’s modulus of 46–51 GPa, and a tensile strength of 710–920 MPa. In comparison, CFs obtained at 1000 °C via batchwise conversion (12–15 μm diameter) with a relative stretch of 0% and a conversion time of 7 h (due to the low heating and cooling rates) had a higher conversion yield of 34 wt %, a higher Young’s modulus (63–67 GPa) but a similar tensile strength (800–920 MPa). This suggests that the Young’s modulus can be improved by the optimization of the fiber tension, residence time, and temperature profile during continuous conversion, while a higher tensile strength can be achieved by reducing the fiber diameter as it minimizes the risk of critical defects.

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“…55 TheLCF's outstanding flexibility is attributed to the combined effect of well-aligned cellulose fibrils embedded in a reinforcing lignin matrix. 56,57 Fig. 3e-f show the typical SEM images of the LCF cross-section area where cellulose fibril bundles with preferential orientation in the flow direction were observed to be embedded in a lignin matrix.…”

Section: Valorization By Ionic Liquid Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upcycling agro-industrial blueberry waste into platform chemicals and structured materials for application in marine environments

et al. 2022

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The challenge of predicting spinnability: Investigating benefits of adding lignin to cellulose solutions in air‐gap spinning

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers

Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers

Continuous Stabilization and Carbonization of a Lignin–Cellulose Precursor to Carbon Fiber

Upcycling agro-industrial blueberry waste into platform chemicals and structured materials for application in marine environments

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