The cervical cancer epidemic that screening has prevented in the UK

Peto, Julian; Gilham, Clare; Fletcher, Olivia; Matthews, Fiona E.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16674-9

Cited by 684 publications

(511 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In recent decades considerable advances have been made in reducing the incidence of the disease through a population-based screening programme (Peto, Gilham, Fletcher, & Matthews, 2004). Further reductions in incidence are expected in coming decades following the introduction of the HPV vaccination programme in 2008.…”

Section: Recruitment Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

It’s hard to reach the “hard-to-reach”: the challenges of recruiting people who do not access preventative healthcare services into interview studies

Rockliffe

Chorley

Marlow

et al. 2018

International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well

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In this article, we discuss the challenges faced in recruiting “hard-to-reach” groups for interview studies, specifically those who do not access preventative healthcare services. We do this by reflecting on the varying success of different recruitment methods we have used in two recent studies; one investigating ethnic disparities in human papillomavirus vaccination uptake and another exploring difference in cervical screening non-participation. Engaging new community groups to help with recruitment proved particularly difficult, as did recruiting online. Our most successful recruitment methods included recruiting through community groups with whom we had previously established relationships, recruiting through schools and re-contacting participants who previously completed a related survey. We conclude that successful recruitment is dependent on study awareness and engagement. We urge others to be transparent in reporting recruitment methods in order to benefit the qualitative research community and suggest that details are published as supplementary material alongside qualitative articles in future.

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Section: Recruitment Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

It’s hard to reach the “hard-to-reach”: the challenges of recruiting people who do not access preventative healthcare services into interview studies

Rockliffe

Chorley

Marlow

et al. 2018

International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well

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“…Women with precancerous or cancerous lesions identified through Pap screening are referred for repeat Pap screening, colposcopy, biopsy and, where appropriate, treatment. The development and implementation of population-based Pap smear screening programmes for the early detection of pre-cancerous cervical lesions, together with aggressive treatment of women with abnormal biopsies, are thought to be largely responsible for the significantly reduced incidence of and mortality from ICC seen in many developed countries since the 1950s [8,[35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Prevention Of Cervical Cancer Secondary Prevention : Cytologmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines for cervical cancer

Lowndes¹

2006

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYThis review focuses on current and future prevention of invasive cervical cancer (ICC), the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Implementation of population-based cytological screening programmes, using the 'Pap ' smear to detect pre-cancerous lesions in the cervix, has resulted in substantial declines in mortality and morbidity from ICC in North America and some European countries. However, cases of, and deaths from, ICC continue to occur. Primary prevention of infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, the central causal factor of ICC, could further reduce incidence of and mortality from ICC. This is particularly the case in developing countries, which bear 80% of the burden of ICC, and where effective Pap screening programmes are extremely difficult to implement. Very promising results from several trials of synthetic HPV type-specific monovalent (HPV 16) and bivalent (HPV 16 and 18) vaccines have recently been published, showing high efficacy against type-specific persistent HPV infection and development of type-specific pre-cancerous lesions. Large-scale phase III trials of a number of such vaccine candidates are currently underway, and there is real hope that an effective vaccine capable of protecting against infection with HPV types 16 and 18 (which together account for y70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide), and thereby of preventing development of a very significant proportion of cases of ICC, could be available within the next 2 years.

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“…Within the NHS, one of the best known examples of this is the cervical screening programme designed to detect precancerous lesions where treatment is conservative and dramatically reduces the risk of developing invasive disease [4]. This screening programme has led to reductions in UK mortality from cervical cancer, equivalent to 4,500 deaths per year [5]. However, establishing and sustaining such a screening programme in developing countries is unlikely due to cost.…”

Section: Biophotonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrational spectroscopy of biofluids for disease screening or diagnosis: translation from the laboratory to a clinical setting

Mitchell

Gajjar

Theophilou

et al. 2014

Journal of Biophotonics

136

108

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There remains a need for objective and cost‐effective approaches capable of diagnosing early‐stage disease in point‐of‐care clinical settings. Given an increasingly ageing population resulting in a rising prevalence of chronic diseases, the need for screening to facilitate the personalising of therapies to prevent or slow down pathology development will increase. Such a tool needs to be robust but simple enough to be implemented into clinical practice. There is interest in extracting biomarkers from biofluids (e.g., plasma or serum); techniques based on vibrational spectroscopy provide an option. Sample preparation is minimal, techniques involved are relatively low‐cost, and data frameworks are available. This review explores the evidence supporting the applicability of vibrational spectroscopy to generate spectral biomarkers of disease in biofluids. We extend the inter‐disciplinary nature of this approach to hypothesise a microfluidic platform that could allow such measurements. With an appropriate lightsource, such engineering could revolutionize screening in the 21st century. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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The cervical cancer epidemic that screening has prevented in the UK

Cited by 684 publications

References 27 publications

It’s hard to reach the “hard-to-reach”: the challenges of recruiting people who do not access preventative healthcare services into interview studies

It’s hard to reach the “hard-to-reach”: the challenges of recruiting people who do not access preventative healthcare services into interview studies

Vaccines for cervical cancer

Vibrational spectroscopy of biofluids for disease screening or diagnosis: translation from the laboratory to a clinical setting

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