The centennial of D. K. Chernov's discovery of polymorphous transformations in steel (1868?1968)

Golovin, A. F.

doi:10.1007/bf00650618

Cited by 5 publications

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“…In 1868, Russian metallurgist D. K. Chernov discovered that the heating and quenching of steel alters its internal structure and thus proposed the iron-carbon phase diagram [ 1 ]. A variety of heat treatment techniques have been developed for over a hundred years since this discovery, including, for example, furnace-based heat treatment, induction heating-based heat treatment, flame hardening, and chemical heat treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Modeling of AISI 1045 Steel during Surface Hardening Processes

2018

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A Coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model was employed to simulate the possible effects of varying laser scanning parameters on the surface hardening process for AISI 1045 and AISI 4140 steels. We took advantage of the high-power density of laser beams to heat the surface of workpieces quickly to achieve self-quenching effects. The finite element model, along with the temperature-dependent material properties, was applied to characterize the possible quenching and tempering effects during single-track laser surface heat treatment. We verified the accuracy of the proposed model through experiments. The effects of laser surface hardening parameters, such as power variation, scanning speed, and laser spot size, on the surface temperature distribution, hardening width, and hardening depth variations during the single-track surface laser treatment process, were investigated using the proposed model. The analysis results show that laser power and scanning speed are the key parameters that affect the hardening of the material. The numerical results reveal that the proposed finite element model is able to simulate the laser surface heat treatment process and tempering effect of steel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Modeling of AISI 1045 Steel during Surface Hardening Processes

2018

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“…Kalkulasi senyawa baja Qashhandi, Ibnu Ishaq al-Kindi, melanjutkan studinya tentang metalurgi. Salah satu bukunya adalah "Al-Jamahir fi ma`rifat aljawahir" buku ini membahas tentang proses karbonisasi besi tempa dan pembuatan baja dari besi tuang yang juga dikembangkan oleh ahli metalurgi Rusia Dimitry Chernov [Golovin, 1968]. Dalam bab tentang pembuatan pedang terdapat metodologi proses yang menjelaskan pembentukan logam yang di dalamnya terdapat struktur nano.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fi Makrifat Al Jawahir Karya Reyhan Al Biruni: Kitab Rujukan Teknologi Manufaktur Logam Dunia

Pramono

2022

J. Islam. Hist.

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The Muslim scientist who became the scientific reference on the manufacturing sector was Reyhan al-Biruni. The processing of wrought iron and the manufacture of steel from cast iron is carried out through the carbonization process. The element carbon has a very significant influence on the strength of the metal. The maximum solubility of Fe3C in iron is: 6.67%. This is a series of calculations of the composition of the atomic weight of each constituent element, which is the atomic weight of Fe = 56, the atomic weight of Carbon 12. Calculation of steel compounds Fe3C = 56 X 3 = 180. The solubility of Carbon in steel is 6.67, coming from 2/180 X 100% = 6.67%. Metal processing that has received worldwide attention today is the ECAP method, which is capable of producing significant mechanical strength. The stages of the ECAP process start from the process of applying a compressive force to the sample that is placed in the mold. A special characteristic of ECAP is the ability to introduce fine grain refinement into large bulk samples. Capable of reducing the size of fine grains to the size of nanometers, resulting in a material that is able to provide maximum physical and mechanical properties. ECAP combines compressive stress and tensile stress in the mold. The ECAP formula was previously found in the book of Fi Makrifat Al Jawahir by Reyhan Al Biruni. The book it was explaine in great detail that when metal is bent there will be an increase in its strength because of the reaction between metals

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“…1) Chernov described the major crystalline structures in steel and one type of steel crystal (dendrite) was named after him. The development of analytical methods to describe casting solidification processes began from Chvorinov's pioneering works to predict solidification time and shrinkage defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Reconstruction of Solidification Kinetics in Cast Iron with Spherical Graphite

Lekakh

2016

ISIJ Int.

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The centennial of D. K. Chernov's discovery of polymorphous transformations in steel (1868?1968)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Temperature Modeling of AISI 1045 Steel during Surface Hardening Processes

Temperature Modeling of AISI 1045 Steel during Surface Hardening Processes

Fi Makrifat Al Jawahir Karya Reyhan Al Biruni: Kitab Rujukan Teknologi Manufaktur Logam Dunia

Structural Reconstruction of Solidification Kinetics in Cast Iron with Spherical Graphite

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