The causes of acute leukemia

Severson, Richard K.; Ross, Julie A.

doi:10.1097/00001622-199901000-00005

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, a canine AML showing a trisomy 1 and a t(X;8) was reported recently. 45 Megakaryoblastic leukemia in humans also may occur as a therapy-related acute leukemia, 46 and as a transformation of myeloproliferative disorders with or without treatment. 47 A case of megakaryoblastic leukemia was reported in a dog following radiation exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with erythrophagocytosis and thrombosis in a dog

Ledieu

Palazzi

Marchal

et al. 2005

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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A 7-year-old, intact male Dachshund was presented to the Lyon veterinary school for lethargy and anorexia of several weeks duration. The main clinical signs were pale and icteric mucous membranes, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Results of a CBC and plasma biochemistry tests revealed severe nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia, and increased alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Blood smear evaluation and cytologic examination of lymph node and bone marrow aspirate specimens revealed a large population of poorly differentiated blast cells with morphologic features suggesting megakaryocytic lineage. A low number of well-differentiated but dysplastic megakaryocytes also were observed in lymph node and bone marrow smears. A few blast cells were erythrophagocytic. Blast cells were positive for glycoprotein IIIa, factor VIII-related antigen, and factor XIII using immunocytochemistry. The dog was euthanized and necropsied. Histologic findings consisted of diffuse, massive infiltration of lymph nodes, liver, and spleen by megakaryoblasts and atypical megakaryocytes, with widespread thrombosis. This case confirms the usefulness of immunochemistry, including for factor XIII, in the diagnosis of megakaryoblastic leukemia, and demonstrates the unique features of tumor cell erythrophagocytosis and marked fibrinous thrombosis, which have not been reported previously in dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with erythrophagocytosis and thrombosis in a dog

Ledieu

Palazzi

Marchal

et al. 2005

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…The occurrence of pediatric leukemia has been linked to several environmental, maternal, and paternal factors and to the exposure to various biological, physical, and chemical factors (Whyatt and Perera, 1995;Severson and Ross, 1999). Despite much investigation, the causes of ALL are not yet fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GSTP1 A1578G polymorphism and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results from an updated meta-analysis

Huang¹,

Shan²,

Zeng³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Studies investigating the association between the glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) A1578G polymorphism and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) report conflicting results. The aim of this study was to quantitatively summarize the evidence for such a relationship. Two investigators independently searched the Medline, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wangfang databases for studies of the polymorphism and ALL. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the GSTP1 polymorphism and childhood ALL were calculated in a fixed-effect model. Pooled ORs were calculated for a co-dominant model (GG vs AA, AG vs AA), a dominant model (GG + AG vs AA), and a recessive model (GG vs AA + AG). Analyses were also performed in subgroups stratified by race, study design, genotyping methods, and study sample size. This meta-analysis included 8 case-control studies with 1384 childhood ALL cases and 1755 controls. Overall, the variant genotypes (GG and AG) of A1578G were not associated with childhood No heterogeneity or publication bias was observed in the present study. This updated meta-analysis indicates that the GSTP1 A1578G polymorphism is not associated with the risk of childhood ALL. In the future, additional studies in Asian and African-American patients should be performed to re-evaluate the association in these populations.

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“…The causes of most pediatric acute leukemias are unknown and are likely to involve an interaction between the environment, hematopoietic development, and low-penetrance susceptibility loci [Wiemels et al, 2001]. The occurrence of pediatric leukemia has been linked to several environmental, maternal, and paternal characteristics and to exposure to various biological, physical, and chemical factors [Whyatt and Perera, 1995;Severson and Ross, 1999]. Recent molecular epidemiologic research provides compelling evidence that environmental factors are major contributors to human carcinogenesis and that the risk of developing cancer is strongly influenced by genetically determined differences [Nebert et al, 1996;Perera and Weinstein, 2000].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Canalle

Burim

Tone

et al. 2004

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of pediatric cancer. Although exposure to environmental agents appears to predispose individuals to this disease, little attention has been paid to the role of genetic susceptibility to environmental exposures in the etiology of childhood ALL. The enzymes GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, CYP1A1, and CYP2E1 are involved in the bioactivation and detoxification of a variety of xenobiotics present in food, organic solvents, tobacco smoke, drugs, alcoholic drinks, pesticides, and environmental pollutants. Polymorphisms in the genes coding for these enzymes have been associated with increased susceptibility to different cancers, including hematologic malignancies. To investigate whether these polymorphisms represent risk-modifying factors for childhood ALL, a study was conducted involving 113 Brazilian patients of childhood ALL and 221 controls with similar ethnic backgrounds. The data revealed that carriers of the rare GSTP1 Val allele were at higher risk of ALL (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-6.8; P = 0.04). No difference was found in the prevalence of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes between ALL patients and the controls, and no association was found between CYP1A1*2 and CYP2E1*3 variants and ALL. However, when the mutant CYP1A1 and CYP2E1 alleles were considered together with the GSTM1 and GSTP1 risk-elevating genotypes, the risk of ALL was increased further (OR = 10.3; 95% CI = 1.0-111.8; P = 0.05), suggesting a combined effect. These results imply that genetic variants of xenobiotic metabolizing genes influence the risk of developing childhood ALL.

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The causes of acute leukemia

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with erythrophagocytosis and thrombosis in a dog

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with erythrophagocytosis and thrombosis in a dog

The GSTP1 A1578G polymorphism and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results from an updated meta-analysis

Genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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