The carriage of carbon dioxide by blood

Dirken, M. N. J.; Mook, H. W.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1930.sp002701

Cited by 16 publications

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“…e) Diffusion in semi-infinite systems. Semi-infinite systems are of much importance, not only in the measurement of diifusion coefficients and in other physical studies (v. WROBLEWSKI 1877, 1881, WUSTNER 1915, MANN 1924, TAMMANN and JESSEN 1929, DIRKEN and MOOK 1930, BRUINS 1931, but in -connection with certain physiological problems as well. An example -of the latter type of application, which will be discussed more fully below (p. 100), is the case where a muscle or mass of tissue, so large that during the time of the experiment its innermost regions are scarcely affected by diffusion, is exposed to a stirred external medium which preserves at its surface a constant concentration, either higher or lower than that already present in the tissue.…”

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“…More recently, by a very beautiful and convincing method, DIRKEN and MOOK (1930) have shown that the time required for CO2 to pass into the surface of a moving column of water 1S inappreciable, and that the time required for the absorption of a given amount is only that necessary for the diffusion of the gas into the interior of the liquid. GUYER and TOBLER (1934) have also come to the conclusion that the rate of escape of gases from relatively large liquid surfaces is determined almost solely by diffusion processes within the body of the liquid, and that evasion as such must occur almost instantly.…”

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Diffusion Processes

Jacobs

1967

310

257

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PrefaceA basic tenet of present day biophysics is that flows in biological systems are causally related to forces. A large and growing fraction of membrane biophysics is devoted to an exploration of the quantitative relationship between forces and flows in order to understand both the nature of biological membranes and the processes that take place on and in these membranes. This is why the discussion of the nature of diffusion is so important in any formal development of membrane biophysics. This was equally true twenty years ago when tracers were just beginning to be used for the measurement of membrane processes. We turned naturally to the great treatises on the physics of diffusion and the flow of heat where, to be sure, we could dig out the information that was needed. It was a great joy then to come across this masterful and scholarly discussion on diffusion written for biologists of a physical tum of mind by MERKEL JACOBS. Here were to be found not only the equations that were basic to our knowledge, but also a careful, accurate and logical explanation, both of the physical principles and the mathematical steps. It soon became apparent that we could not keep that one volume of Ergebnisse der Biologie on indefinite loan from the library, and we then found, by good fortune, a remaindered copy of this particular issue. It has become a well-thumbed and treasured possession of the laboratory. I am very glad that others now will have a similar opportunity to learn about diffusion from MERKEL JACOBS and that this volume will be widely available again.Subsequently I had occasion to tell JACOBS how much pleasure this article had given us and asked him how he had found the time to do all the work. He had broken his leg and had written it to while away the time the when he was confined to the hospital. This story seems very illustrative of JACOBS' devotion to science. In our laboratory which has been concerned for many years with the permeability of red blood cells, we have always had great respect for JACOBS and for his insight into the forces that cause flows across that specific membrane. We go back again and again to his IV Preface papers and to his methods, particularly the mathematical ones, and always unearth new things of value -an observation as true today as when we first began research on red cells. That we are not alone in our high regard for JACOBS is illustrated by another anecdote. I once asked U SSING how he had come to make his theoretical examination of the difference between osmotic flow and the diffusion of water. USSING'S interest had been aroused by the clear statement of the problem and the suggestions of JACOBS in an article reviewing "cell permeability with particular reference to the erythrocyte".

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Diffusion Processes

Jacobs

1967

310

257

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“…This Saal accomplished by platinizing the electrodes, saturating the reacting solutions with H2, and placing a reference electrode in contact with the outflow. His detailed description of difficulties arising from poisoning and potential drift effectively discouraged further use of the II2 electrode in flow systems, though Dirken and Mook (17) employed quinhydrone and antimony electrodes in 1930. The potentiometric pH method was also applied to static systems, with varying success.…”

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confidence: 99%

The hydration of carbon dioxide

Kern¹

1960

J. Chem. Educ.

417

200

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“…All such estimates disregard possible complications within the red cell from the enormously higher enzyme concentration, the different environment, and the limiting effect of diffusion. Unpublished calculations of mine, based on Dirken & Mook's (1930) data on the rate of C02 uptake by red cells and strong Hb solutions, make it doubtful, however, whether an error > five-fold at most is caused by such disregard. In a forthcoming paper Davies and I have applied the revised Q10's to the calculation of the enzyme activity in the oxyntic cells of the stomach.…”

Section: Popproceedings Of the Ph Ysiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the Physiological Society

1948

The Journal of Physiology

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It is commonly held that the stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve produces a fall in blood pressure. In a number of experiments, however, stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve in cats has given the opposite result.Cats were anaesthetized by intravenous injection of chloralose (0*08-01 g./kg. body weight). The carotid sinus nerve was exposed and stimulated using a square wave electronic stimulator. This device allowed independent Chloralose anaesthesia.variation of frequency of stimuli (1.5-100 cyc./sec.), pulse duration (0-02-1.0 m.sec.) and voltage output (1-2 V.). Stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve (containing afferents from the carotid sinus and carotid body) markedly raises the arterial blood pressure. The pulse duration of the stimulus chiefly determines the degree of pressor response. Thus the threshold duration at a frequency of 100 cyc./sec. and 2 V. is 0-02 m.sec. Maximal effects (pressure increases of 60-100 mm. Hg) are mainly observed using -stimuli of 0-1 m.sec. duration (Fig. 1).The pressor effects persist after double vagotomy, destruction of the contralateral carotid sinus nerve, excision of the cervical sympathetic, section of the glossopharyngeal nerve peripheral to the junction of the carotid sinus

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The carriage of carbon dioxide by blood

Cited by 16 publications

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Diffusion Processes

Diffusion Processes

The hydration of carbon dioxide

Proceedings of the Physiological Society

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