The care and maintenance of hedges

Skelton, John

doi:10.1093/elt/42.1.37

Cited by 82 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…39 Cf. Skelton 1988and Kubui 1988, both cited in Salager-Meyer et al (1996, on the universality of hedging. …”

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confidence: 99%

Cultural standing in expression of opinion

Strauss

2004

Lang. Soc.

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This article explores an underappreciated pragmatic constraint on the expression of opinions: When expressing an opinion on a topic that has been previously discussed, a speaker should correctly indicate the cultural standing of that view in the relevant opinion community. This Bakhtinian approach to discourse analysis is contrasted with conversation analysis, politeness theory (Brown & Levinson 1987), and analysis of epistemic modality. Finally, indicators of four points on the cultural standing continuum (highly controversial, debatable, common opinion, and taken for granted) are illustrated with examples from American English usage. (Opinion display, discourse analysis, argumentation, hedges, modality, welfare discourse)* ".. . Prose discourse-in any of its forms, quotidian, rhetorical, scholarly-cannot fail to be oriented toward the 'already uttered,' the 'already known,' the 'common opinion' and so forth." Mikhail Bakhtin, "Discourse in the Novel" (1981:279) I N T R O D U C T I O N When speakers voice an opinion on a topic about which there has been prior discourse or tacit agreement in their opinion community, they are expected to mark the cultural standing of that opinion. "Cultural standing" is my label for the location of a view on a continuum that ranges from highly controversial to completely taken for granted in the relevant opinion community. Cultural standing has been insufficiently discussed in pragmatics, sociolinguistics, and discourse analysis as a constraint on opinion display. Expression of opinion has been analyzed primarily from three perspectives: how conversations are structured (conversation analysis; e.g., Pomerantz 1984, Sacks 1987); how social relations of power and solidarity affect the expression of potentially offensive views (politeness theory; e.g., Brown & Levinson 1987); and what evidence speakers have for their views (Chafe & Nichols 1986). In this article I propose a Bakhtinian

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“…39 Cf. Skelton 1988and Kubui 1988, both cited in Salager-Meyer et al (1996, on the universality of hedging. …”

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confidence: 99%

Cultural standing in expression of opinion

Strauss

2004

Lang. Soc.

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“…Typical examples include the use of comparative forms and hedging devices. There is also much research into how hedging devices are used in academic writing to denote "fuzziness" in the writer's assertions (see Crompton 1997 for concise treatment), and many taxonomies have been developed to measure these hedging devices (Skelton 1988, Myers 1989, Hyland 1994, Salager-Meyer 1994. This suggests that hedging devices within revision comments are prone to misinterpretation by the author.…”

Section: Hedging and Other Politeness Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perceived effectiveness of written peer feedback comments within L2 English academic writing courses

Yallop

Leijen

2018

ERYa

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Abstract.At one Estonian university, we have designed a course to support the writing skills of doctorate students who need to write scientific articles for publication in their L2 English. We provide this support by placing these students into small discipline-specific writing groups where they periodically give and receive written feedback on their draft articles. Knowing what may constitute an effective feedback comment will enable us to improve upon current pedagogical practices. In this study, we develop a coding scheme to measure the impact of both affective and non-affective feedback comments on the peer feedback process. We use this scheme in tandem with questionnaires to assess the effectiveness of postgraduate peer feedback comments as perceived by both L1 Estonian doctoral students and expert writing assessors. Within this context, the results suggest that cover letters and the tone of feedback comments have a noticeable impact on the peer feedback process.*

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“…Speakers make a distinction between what they say and what they think about what they will say (Skelton, 1988). Particularly, it is used by the speakers to indicate the completeness and the accuracy of what is being said to reduce the risk of communication.…”

Section: Hedgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Pragmatic Function, A Case Study of Students\' Daily Conversation

Asdar¹,

Tjprc²

2018

IJEL

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A daily conversation seems like the application of language use. It is less interesting to dig rather than speech, movie, etc. The study aims to examine the metapragmatic function and metalinguistic items used in the daily conversation which will be supported by the intimacy between the speakers and the addressee. The study was a qualitative method by using an interview like in the daily activity without any drift. The data were the utterance of daily conversation between the researcher and the participants. The themes of every conversation are different based on the participants' situation at that time.The data were analyzed descriptively. The goal of this study is to find the metapragmatic function used by the English students to get a reference for all about the use of the metapragmatic function. The first step conducted is transcription.We know that transcription is a crucial step in data analysis (Kowal & Oconnell, 2014). Then, the writer tried to break down the interview transcriptions by doing coding. The study showed that the students used almost metapragmatic function and metalinguistic items in their conversation unconsciously.

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The care and maintenance of hedges

Cited by 82 publications

References 3 publications

Cultural standing in expression of opinion

Cultural standing in expression of opinion

The perceived effectiveness of written peer feedback comments within L2 English academic writing courses

Meta-Pragmatic Function, A Case Study of Students\' Daily Conversation

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