The cardiovascular aspect of COVID-19

Adu-Amankwaah, Joseph; Mprah, Richard; Adekunle, Adebayo Oluwafemi; Noah, Marie Louise Ndzie; Adzika, Gabriel Komla; Machuki, Jeremiah Ong’achwa; Sun, Hong

doi:10.1080/07853890.2020.1861644

Cited by 54 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The increase in this COVID restricted lifestyle [ 233 ] and/or substance misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown as a result of personal limitations in the COVID-19 lockdown is associated with the risk of death from chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases [ 234 ]. Given the fact that cardiovascular disease is the major comorbidity in COVID-19 patients and is closely related to the severity of COVID-19, during SARS-CoV-2 infection, the cardiovascular system is either directly (especially viral toxicity with sarcomere disassembly) and/or indirectly (e.g., cytokine storm) being affected by unknown pathomechanisms, leading to an increased incidence of cardiovascular associated changes in COVID-19 patients ( Table 2 ) [ 235 , 236 ], where otherwise, these patients remained healthy prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 27 ]. Though direct and indirect myocardial injury of COVID-19 and the impact on cardiovascular homeostasis remains elusive, regardless of morbidity, it is at least known, that cardiac injury is associated with higher mortality, due to (ii) admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), (ii) mechanical ventilation and (iii) coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 [ 237 ].…”

Section: Comprehensive Clinical Observations On Sars-cov-2 Infected Patients Associating With Cardiovascular Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SARS-CoV-2/Receptor Axis in Heart and Blood Vessels: A Crisp Update on COVID-19 Disease with Cardiovascular Complications

Veluswamy

Wacker

Stavridis

et al. 2021

Viruses

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The SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 disease has emerged expeditiously in the world and has been declared pandemic since March 2020, by World Health Organization (WHO). The destructive effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection are increased among the patients with pre-existing chronic conditions and, in particular, this review focuses on patients with underlying cardiovascular complications. The expression pattern and potential functions of SARS-CoV-2 binding receptors and the attributes of SARS-CoV-2 virus tropism in a physio-pathological state of heart and blood vessel are precisely described. Of note, the atheroprotective role of ACE2 receptors is reviewed. A detailed description of the possible detrimental role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in terms of vascular leakage, including endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction and bradykinin 1 receptor stimulation is concisely stated. Furthermore, the potential molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 induced clot formation in association with host defense components, including activation of FXIIa, complements and platelets, endothelial dysfunction, immune cell responses with cytokine-mediated action are well elaborated. Moreover, a brief clinical update on patient with COVID-19 disease with underlying cardiovascular complications and those who had new onset of cardiovascular complications post-COVID-19 disease was also discussed. Taken together, this review provides an overview of the mechanistic aspects of SARS-CoV-2 induced devastating effects, in vital organs such as the heart and vessels.

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Section: Comprehensive Clinical Observations On Sars-cov-2 Infected Patients Associating With Cardiovascular Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SARS-CoV-2/Receptor Axis in Heart and Blood Vessels: A Crisp Update on COVID-19 Disease with Cardiovascular Complications

Veluswamy

Wacker

Stavridis

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…It is initiated by extreme physical or emotional stress and can occur in females and males at any age; however, postmenopausal females are commonly affected. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy can also be caused by infections, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (5,6). The diagnosis of this condition is generally based on clinical criteria combined with a multi-modality imaging approach which includes coronary angiography (with left ventriculography), electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synergy of ADAM17-Induced Myocardial Inflammation and Metabolic Lipids Dysregulation During Acute Stress: New Pathophysiologic Insights Into Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Adu-Amankwaah

Adzika

Adekunle

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Due to its reversible nature, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is considered an intriguing and fascinating cardiovascular disease characterized by a transient wall motion abnormality of the left ventricle, affecting more than one coronary artery territory, often in a circumferential apical distribution. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was discovered by a Japanese cardiovascular expert and classified as acquired primary cardiomyopathy by the American Heart Association (AHA) in 1990 and 2006, respectively. Regardless of the extensive research efforts, its pathophysiology is still unclear; therefore, there are no well-established guidelines specifically for treating and managing TTC patients. Increasing evidence suggests that sympatho-adrenergic stimulation is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of this disease. Under acute stressful conditions, the hyperstimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) resulting from excessive release of catecholamines induces intracellular kinases capable of phosphorylating and activating “A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17” (ADAM17), a type-I transmembrane protease that plays a central role in acute myocardial inflammation and metabolic lipids dysregulation which are the main hallmarks of TTC. However, our understanding of this is limited; hence this concise review provides a comprehensive insight into the key role of ADAM17 in acute myocardial inflammation and metabolic lipids dysregulation during acute stress. Also, how the synergy of ADAM17-induced acute inflammation and lipids dysregulation causes TTC is explained. Finally, potential therapeutic targets for TTC are also discussed.

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“…This was less than those reported in other studies published in older Spanish adults, where nearly 50% of patients were using these treatments. Whereas that study just included people with heart failure, the current study included all patients over the age of 75, including those with any type of cardiovascular disease [32]. The use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs was associated significantly with less risk of dying in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…These treatments were stopped during admission on an individual basis by the attending physician, e.g., due to acute kidney injury or arterial hypotension. It is known that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) serves as a gateway for the virus to enter the cell [ 33 ]. In the early stages of the pandemic, it was hypothesized that the use of ACE inhibitors and ARBs could increase ACE2 expression which would facilitate infection with COVID-19 [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality risk factors in a Spanish cohort of oldest-old patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in an acute geriatric unit: the OCTA-COVID study

et al. 2021

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Aim The objective of this study is to describe the baseline characteristics of oldest-old patients admitted with COVID-19 to an acute geriatric unit and to determine the factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Findings Dementia, incident delirium, and the CURB-65 score ≥ 3 are independent mortality risk factors. The concurrent use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is a protective factor. Message Recognition of geriatric syndromes may be useful to help clinicians establish the prognosis of oldest-old patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.

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The cardiovascular aspect of COVID-19

Cited by 54 publications

References 67 publications

The SARS-CoV-2/Receptor Axis in Heart and Blood Vessels: A Crisp Update on COVID-19 Disease with Cardiovascular Complications

The SARS-CoV-2/Receptor Axis in Heart and Blood Vessels: A Crisp Update on COVID-19 Disease with Cardiovascular Complications

The Synergy of ADAM17-Induced Myocardial Inflammation and Metabolic Lipids Dysregulation During Acute Stress: New Pathophysiologic Insights Into Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Mortality risk factors in a Spanish cohort of oldest-old patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in an acute geriatric unit: the OCTA-COVID study

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