The cardio-regulator nerves of the hermit crabs: anatomical and electrophysiological identification of their distribution inside the heart

Physiological Saline Suitable for the Marine Isopod Crustacean Bathynomus doederleini.

“…In Pantin's saline, the heart rate was significantly higher than in saline B. There is no significant difference among the heart rate in three Yazawa and Kuwasawa (1984). test solutions (saline A, B and C).…”

“…Specimens were perfused with each of three test solutions, filtered SW and modified Pantin's saline (Yazawa and Kuwasawa, 1984). The five perfusates were applied in irregular order.…”

“…In natural SW, the isolated Bathynomus heart continued regular heartbeats for more than twelve hours, stimulation of cardiac nerves was effective and neuromuscular junctional potentials could be recorded intracellularly from the cardioarterial valves (Kihara and Kuwasawa, 1984). Tanaka et al (1992) and Okada et al (1997) used the saline for marine decapod crustacean originally designed by Pantin (1934) and modified by Matsui (1957) and then Yazawa and Kuwasawa (1984). The ionic composition of the saline of Pantin (1934) was based on concentration for Carcinus hemolymph (Bethe, 1929, cited in Pantin, 1934.…”

Anxiety, Worry and Fear: Quantifying the Mind Using EKG Time Series Analysis

“…[8], and legendary articles [9,10]). Typically, crustacean heart is innervated by two acceleratory nerves and one inhibitory nerve (Figure 1, see [11]). Figure 2 shows a diagrammatical view of cardiac nerves in both vertebrates and crustaceans.…”

“…Figure 2 shows a diagrammatical view of cardiac nerves in both vertebrates and crustaceans. Crustacean diagram is based on our publication [11]. In summary, the cardiac inhibitory nerve innervates pacemaker cells (P in Figure 2) in both crustaceans and humans.…”