The carbonate-hosted base-metal sulphide Polaris deposit in the Canadian Arctic: Organic matter alteration and clay diagenesis

Optical thermal maturity parameters and organic geochemical alteration at low grade diagenesis to anchimetamorphism: A review

“…Reflectance of hydroids has been used as a supplementary parameter in some maturation studies but reflectance data of graptolites, chitinozoans and scolecodonts are more often employed as a substitute for vitrinite (e.g. Bertrand, 1987Bertrand, , 1990bMalo, 2005, 2012;Bertrand et al, 2003;Héroux et al, 1996Héroux et al, , 2000. This may be because hydroids are generally less abundant than other zooclasts and zoomorphs.…”

“…In fact, many melanosclerites show strong resemblance with hydroids and in some samples they occur together with hydrozoan periderms (Cashman, 1996). While melanosclerites are mainly recognized in palynological preparations, hydroid remains are consistently observed in polished blocks of marine sedimentary rocks of Ordovician to Devonian age (Bertrand and Malo, 2012;Héroux et al, 2000). The earliest record of a hydroid cnidarian colony comes from the Early Ordovician of China (Baliński et al, 2014).…”

“…In polished blocks hydroids are generally less often recorded than graptolites, chitinozoans or scolecodonts (e.g. Bertrand, 1987;Héroux et al, 2000) but in proximal marine sedimentary settings they can be a major constituent of the zooclast/zoomorph fraction (Bertrand, 1990b(Bertrand, , 1991Bertrand and Malo, 2012).…”

“…The factors causing the retardation are not yet deciphered in detail. Hydrogenation induced from algae-rich organic matter and oxygenation processes may result in suppressed chitinozoan reflectance (Héroux et al, 2000). Compared to graptolites, scolecodonts and miospores, chitinozoan reflectance is always higher at a given rank (Bertrand, 1990a).…”

Analysis of large thermal maturity datasets: Examples from the Canadian Arctic Islands

“…These measurements of thermal maturity parameters were made over many years in support of regional mapping studies, analysis of coal potential, and graduate theses. These data include data collected by Panarctic Oils Ltd and stored in the library collections at the Geological Survey of Canada (Leythaeuser and Stewart, 1986), analyses from TeckCominco Ltd. (Héroux et al, 1999), data from graduate theses (Riediger et al, 1984;Bustin, 1986;Gentzis, 1991;Nunez-Betelu, 1993), as well as samples run by the Geological Survey of Canada as part of published (e.g., Powell, 1978;Goodarzi et al, 1987Goodarzi et al, , 1989Fowler et al, 1991;Brooks et al, 1992;Gentzis and Goodarzi, 1993a,b;Stasiuk and Fowler, 1994;Stewart, 1999), and unpublished regional or stratigraphic studies.…”