The Camping Climate Index (CCI): The development, validation, and application of a camping-sector tourism climate index

Ma, Siyao; Craig, Christopher A.; Feng, Song

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104105

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Scale of events can have overriding effects (e.g., holidays, natural disasters) on camping ( Craig, 2019 ; Ma et al, 2020 ). This appears to be the case in the Northeast—where more than double the amount of COVID-19 cases were located at the time the survey was administrated—with only one of the behavioral control variables (i.e., overcrowding) significantly related to tent camping and glamping consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Present day travelers prefer distance from others, natural space, and outdoor recreation ( Hong et al, 2020 ; Rice et al, 2020 ), three drivers of camping decisions ( CCG, 2020 ). Camping is well-positioned with domestic accommodations showing signs of recovery as travel restrictions loosen ( Gossling et al, 2020 ; Ma et al, 2020 ). Yet, it remains unseen how camping will rebound considering the scale, persistence, and uncertainty of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Camping, glamping, and coronavirus in the United States

Craig

2021

Annals of Tourism Research

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Highlights Camping—an accommodation and form of recreation—is an understudied tourism sector. The influence of COVID-19 on future camping consideration was explored. Recent United States-based leisure travelers were surveyed about COVID-19 ( n = 2685). Camping experience and social distance are related to tent camping and glamping. Scale of COVID-19 influences tent camping and glamping consideration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camping, glamping, and coronavirus in the United States

Craig

2021

Annals of Tourism Research

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“…The natural setting that makes camping a safer accommodation during a pandemic also underscores its sensitivity to climatic conditions (Craig & Feng, 2018;Craig, 2019;Brooker & Joppe, 2013;Hewer et al, 2017;Ma et al, 2020;Rice et al, 2019). Ma et al (2020) note that 'shifting climate-derived weather and seasonality trends highlight the potential positive (i.e. opportunities) and negative (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camping climate resources: the camping climate index in the United States

Craig

Feng

2020

Current Issues in Tourism

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Camping is the largest sub-sector of outdoor tourism, is growing in popularity, and is increasingly accessible to a diverse population of new campers. An outdoor accommodation and form of recreation, camping is especially susceptible to extreme weather and climate change. Though, camping research remains underrepresented in the tourism and tourism climatology literatures. Accordingly, this study quantifies seasonal camping climate resources for the 48 contiguous United States and its nine climate regions from 1984 to 2019 using a newly developed Camping Climate Index (CCI; Ma et al. [(2020). The camping climate index (CCI): The development, validation, and application of a camping-sector tourism climate index. Tourism Management, 80, 104105.

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“…Over the last decade, researchers have been examining the climatic preferences of tourists, which consistently indicate differing ideal and unacceptable climatic thresholds depending on the type of tourism market segment (Scott et al 2008 , Rutty & Scott 2010 , Hewer et al 2018 , Rutty & Scott 2013 , Ma et al 2020 ) and with some observed differences among tourist origins (Morgan et al 2000 , Scott et al 2008 , Rutty & Scott 2013 , Rutty & Scott 2016 , Atzori et al 2018 , Georgopoulou et al 2019 ) and socio-demographics (Credoc 2009 , Wirth, 2010 , Hewer et al 2018 , Rutty & Scott 2015 ). Given that the TCI was developed for general sightseeing purposes and not based on stated or revealed tourist climate preferences, the universal application of the index in tourism market segments with very specific climatic requirements is considered conceptually unsound (de Freitas et al 2008 , Rutty & Scott 2013 , Scott et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Climatic Preferences Of Beach Touristsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TCI continues to be the most widely applied index across a range of geographical scales (destination to global). However, several authors have underscored the TCI’s theoretical weaknesses, including its subjective design (i.e., not based on stated or revealed tourist climate preferences) and the inappropriate application of the index in market segments that have specific climatic requirements, including beach or 3S (sun-sand-surf) tourism (Gomez-Martin 2005 , Gössling & Hall 2006 , de Freitas et al 2008 , Scott et al 2008 and 2016 , Matthews et al 2019 , Ma et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the holiday climate index:beach and the tourism climate index across coastal destinations in China

Rutty

Scott

et al. 2020

Int J Biometeorol

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Climatic resources are vitally important for tourism, driving major intra-and interregional travel flows for sun-sand-surf (3S) tourism around the world. The development of climate indices to measure the suitability of climate for major tourism market segments has evolved over three decades. This study provides the first application of the holiday climate index (HCI):Beach specification in the Asia-Pacific tourism region. The HCI is designed from international tourist climate preference studies and is compared with the tourism climate index (TCI), which is widely applied, but not based on tourist climate preferences. The index inter-comparison is conducted at 14 of the most popular beach resort destinations in China, which include four geographic regions of China with four different Köppen classifications. The results show key differences between the two indices in rating the climatic suitability of the selected beach destinations in China, with the TCI rating beach destinations in the north and south higher during the spring and fall seasons, which is not consistent with beach tourism visits. During the summer months, southern destinations have much higher HCI:Beach rating, reflecting the 3S tourists' desire for higher temperatures. The findings reinforce those from other tourism regions that indicate the TCI is not appropriate for assessing 3S tourism potential and that additional cross-cultural studies of tourist climate indices are needed to better inform market segment climate service development and to understand the potential impacts of future climate change. Keywords Holiday climate index (HCI). Tourism climate index (TCI). Beach tourism. Coastal. China

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The Camping Climate Index (CCI): The development, validation, and application of a camping-sector tourism climate index

Cited by 51 publications

References 73 publications

Camping, glamping, and coronavirus in the United States

Camping, glamping, and coronavirus in the United States

Camping climate resources: the camping climate index in the United States

A comparison of the holiday climate index:beach and the tourism climate index across coastal destinations in China

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