The Cambridge Handbook of Substance and Behavioral Addictions

Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations

“…Behavioral addictions are defined as dysregulated behaviors aimed to satisfy appetitive needs that can result in unwanted consequences [ 79 ]. Behavioral addictions reflect difficulties with impulse control as individuals repeatedly engage in maladaptive behaviors that are often accompanied by significant impairment [ 80 , 81 ].…”

“…Behavioral addictions reflect difficulties with impulse control as individuals repeatedly engage in maladaptive behaviors that are often accompanied by significant impairment [ 80 , 81 ]. Appetitive-related behaviors can occur on a continuum; repetitive engagement in such behaviors despite negative consequences qualifies them as addictions [ 79 ]. The satisfactory, yet deceptive feelings about the appetitive need being fulfilled are short-lived and a new cycle of need, behavior, illusory fulfillment, and adverse outcome ensues [ 79 ].…”

“…Appetitive-related behaviors can occur on a continuum; repetitive engagement in such behaviors despite negative consequences qualifies them as addictions [ 79 ]. The satisfactory, yet deceptive feelings about the appetitive need being fulfilled are short-lived and a new cycle of need, behavior, illusory fulfillment, and adverse outcome ensues [ 79 ]. Literature reviews on the prevalence of addictions in the US adult population suggest that nearly 50% of Americans had past-year indicators of addictive behaviors [ 81 , 82 ].…”

Cross-Addiction Risk Profile Associations with COVID-19 Anxiety: a Preliminary Exploratory Study

“…Solid evidence illustrates a range of negative consequences for addicted individuals including low mood, sleep problems, increased anxiety and distress, reduced functioning and performance at school/work, problems with interpersonal relationships, stigma, and reduced self-esteem and self-worth (Kuss et al, 2020 ; Sahu et al, 2019 ; Sussman, 2020 ). Indicatively, alcohol, drug, and gambling addictions have been associated with financial and legal problems, the development and exacerbation of physical and psychological conditions, and increased risks of suicidal behaviour and death (McCradden et al, 2019 ; Sussman, 2020 ; Tabri et al, 2021 ). Research has also shown that family and friends of addicted individuals tend to experience increased stress and anxiety and reduced well-being and quality of life (Arlappa et al, 2019 ; Esparza-Reig et al, 2022 ; Kennett et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Over the past 30 years, research in a variety of addictive behaviours including the abuse of alcohol, drugs, gambling, smoking, videogames, social media use, shopping, exercise, internet, pornography, and sex has increased (Burleigh et al, 2019 ; Sussman, 2020 ; Zarate et al, 2022 ). This has expanded the knowledge considering the prevalence and risk factors of different addictive behaviours, the similarities between substance and behavioural (i.e.…”