The Callimico goeldii (Primates, Platyrrhini) genome: Karyology and middle repetitive (LINE-1) DNA sequences

Abstract

Callimico goeldii (Goeldi's marmoset) is a neotropical primate with 2n = 47,X1X2Y in the male, and 2n = 48,X1X1X2X2 in the female, due to a Y-autosome translocation. Karyological comparisons of Callimico, Callithrix jacchus and Cebus apella suggest that Callimico is a member of the Callitrichidae. Isozyme data and restriction mapping of LINE-1 repetitive elements in these species and in a variety of other neotropical primates confirm these findings and supply strong evidence for including Callimico in the Callitrichidae.

Phylogenetic relationships of the callitrichinae (Platyrrhini, Primates) based on ?2-microglobulin DNA sequences

“…A tandemly combined analysis of these two gene sequences [Schneider et al, 1996] generated a third topology, with Saguinus as an initial callitrichine offshoot followed by Leontopithecus, and a third divergent lineage, Callimico, as a sister of the Callithrix/Cebuella clade. This topology was similar to those obtained by analysis of Long Interspersed ElementsLINE-1 [Seuánez et al, 1989] and karyotypic comparisons [Canavez et al, 1996].…”

The primates of the Neotropics: genomes and chromosomes

“…Saguinus appeared as the most basal callitrichine offshoot followed by Leontopithecus while Callimico appeared as a sister branch of the clade formed by Callithrix and Cebuella (Canavez et al, 1999b). Similar topologies indicating that Callimico was a derived lineage were found with LINE-1 patterns (Seuá nez et al, 1989), tandemly combined Â-globin and IRBP gene sequences (Schneider et al, 1996), mitochondrial DNA topologies based on ND4 (Pastorini et al, 1998), 12S+16S genes (Horovitz et al, 1998) and cytochrome b DNA (Moreira and Seuá nez, 1999), analyses of G-banded chromosomes and phylogenetic reconstructions of painted chromosomes ). These Schneider et al (2001), by conjoint analysis of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), Â-globin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and ß-2-microglobulin (ß 2 m ).…”

“…This assumption overlooked two important findings: the XX/XY system in A. seniculus and the X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 /X 1 X 2 Y system in A. belzebul. The former system is the most frequent in mammals and therefore more likely to be ancestral than any other derived by sex chromosome rearrangements with autosomes while the latter, derived from a Y-autosome translocation, is simpler than the X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 /X 1 X 2 Y 1 Y 2 sex chromosome system and is present in other neotropical primates like Aotus, Callimico and Cacajao (Ma et al, 1976a;Seuá nez et al, 1989;Moura-Pensin et al, 2001). …”

Chromosome studies in the red howler monkey, <i>Alouatta seniculus stramineus</i> (Platyrrhini, Primates): description of an X₁X₂Y₁Y₂/X₁X₁X₂X₂sex-chromosome system and karyological comparisons with other subspecies

“…1988(Seuanez et al. , 1989) and for analyz ing karyological variations among populations considered to be subspecies by taxonomic criteria based on morphometric com parisons.…”