The Brazilian version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire to assess job stress

Chor, Dóra; Werneck, Guilherme Loureiro; Faerstein, Eduardo; Alves, Márcia Guimarães de Mello; Rotenberg, Lúcia

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2008000100022

Cited by 84 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Coeffi cients higher than one indicate high effort with low reward, classifi ed as inadequate. 5 The SF-36 is a generic questionnaire on HRQL from a multi-dimensional construct. It consists of 36 items or questions which represent eight health dimensions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life and working conditions among nursing providers

Silva

Souza²,

Borges

et al. 2010

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate working conditions associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) among nursing providers. METHODS:Cross-sectional study conducted in a university hospital in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, during 2004Brazil, during -2005. The study sample comprised 696 registered nurses, nurse technicians and nurse assistants, predominantly females (87.8%), who worked day and/or night shifts. Data on sociodemographic information, working and living conditions, lifestyles, and health symptoms were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The following questionnaires were also used: Job Stress Scale, Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Ordinal logistic regression analysis using proportional odds model was performed to evaluate each dimension of the SF-36. RESULTS:Around 22% of the sample was found to be have high strain and 8% showed an effort-reward imbalance at work. The dimensions with the lowest mean scores in the SF-36 were vitality, bodily pain and mental health. High-strain job, effort-reward imbalance (ERI>1.01), and being a registered nurse were independently associated with low scores on the role emotional dimension. Those dimensions associated to mental health were the ones most affected by psychosocial factors at work. CONCLUSIONS:Effort-reward imbalance was more associated with health than high-strain (high demand and low control). The study results suggest that the joint analysis of psychosocial factors at work such as effort-reward imbalance and demand-control can provide more insight to the discussion of professional roles, working conditions and HRQL of nursing providers. Psychosocial and work organization factors have been special objects of interest of study and interventions in the light of the precarious and unstable relationship between work and production, 19 the nature of illnesses among workers, and a growing concern with people's well-being and quality of life.Psychosocial factors at work are associated to the interaction between environment and working conditions, job duties and individual worker characteristics taking into account all their features and demands, including those outside the work environment. Workers' health and work performance are affected by these interactions and their experience. 11 Studies with populations of workers have suggested that psychosocial stressors such as high psychological strain, lack of control and social support, high effort and reward at work and overcommitment can be associated RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar condições de trabalho associadas à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre profi ssionais de enfermagem. MÉTODOS:Estudo transversal realizado em um hospital universitário de São Paulo, SP, em 2004SP, em -2005. A população estudada foi de 696 enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, predominantemente feminina (87,8%) e que trabalhava em turnos diurnos e/ou noturnos. Os dados sociodemográfi cos, de condições de trabalho e de vida...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life and working conditions among nursing providers

Silva

Souza²,

Borges

et al. 2010

Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…Cronbach's alpha value for extrinsic effort is 0.68, for job reward is 0.78 and for over-commitment 0.78. (17) Balance between effort and reward is given by the index (Σ E÷[Σ R x c]), where E = extrinsic effort and R= reward multiplied by the correction factor (c=0.545455). As a result, the values lower or equal to 1, indicate balance between effort and reward, while values higher than 1 indicate imbalance condition between effort and reward.…”

Section: Effort-reward Imbalance (Eri)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estresse ocupacional e suas repercussões na qualidade de vida de médicos e enfermeiros intensivistas pediátricos e neonatais

Fogaça¹,

Carvalho²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2009

Rev. bras. ter. intensiva

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Objective: To investigate the relationship between work and quality of life of doctors and nurses in pediatric intensive care units and neonatal.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 37 doctors and 20 nurses. The Job Content Questionnarie (JCQ) e Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI), and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-100) were used. The correlation was estimated by Spearman correlation coefficient.Results: The effort is inversely correlated with the areas physical, psychological, level of independence, environment (p<0.01) and social relationship (p<0.05). The reward is inversely correlated with the areas and psychological (p<0.05) level of independence (p<0.01). Control over the work is directly correlated with the physical domain (p<0.05). The psychological demands are inversely correlated with the areas physical (p<0.05), psychological (p<0.01) and level of independence (p<0.01). The physical demand is inversely correlated with physical areas, level of independence, environmental (p<0.01) and psychological (p<0.05). Job insecurity is inversely correlated with the psychological fields, level of independence (p<0.05) and the environment (p<0.01). Support the supervisor is directly correlated with degree of independence (p <0.05).Conclusion: Doctors and nurses showed high efforts, demands psychological, physical and job insecurity that impact on quality of life.

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“…Such findings would underline the evolutionary old 'grammar' of social exchange that may be rooted in distinct structures of the human brain (Cosmides and Tooby, 1992). Currently, a number of findings from observational studies confirm that effortreward imbalance at work is associated with elevated risks of stress-related disorders in Japanese (Tsutsumi et al, 2001), Chinese (Xu et al, 2004;Li et al, 2005), South Korean (Eum et al, 2007), Thay (Buapetch et al, 2008) and Brazilian (Chor et al, 2007) working populations, thus lending support to the idea that the experience of unfair exchange results in negative emotions and adverse well-being cross-culturally in similar ways. This discovery is of interest in view of the process of economic globalisation and associated trans-national labour market mobility.…”

Section: Brief Summary Of Empirical Evidence On Health-adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Unfair exchange and health: Social bases of stress-related diseases

Siegrist

2009

Soc Theory Health

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In this contribution it is argued that the analysis of exchange characteristics of core social roles in adult life offers a promising approach towards studying the social bases of stress-related diseases. More specifically, the theoretical model of effort-reward imbalance claims that the violation of a core principle of social exchange, reciprocity, elicits sustained stress reactions with adverse long-term effects on health. This model has been extensively tested with regard to the work role, and a brief review of empirical evidence is given, based on findings from prospective epidemiological studies. Taken together, results demonstrate that the risk of incident stress-related disease, such as coronary heart disease or depression, is about twice as high in men and women scoring high on effort-reward imbalance at work compared to non-exposed people. Finally, recent extensions of the theoretical model beyond the work role and beyond health as the main study outcome are discussed, illustrating the utility of this concept for general sociology.

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The Brazilian version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire to assess job stress

Abstract: The effort-reward imbalance (ERI)

Cited by 84 publications

References 12 publications

Health-related quality of life and working conditions among nursing providers

Health-related quality of life and working conditions among nursing providers

Estresse ocupacional e suas repercussões na qualidade de vida de médicos e enfermeiros intensivistas pediátricos e neonatais

Unfair exchange and health: Social bases of stress-related diseases

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