The branches of the descending palatine artery and their relation to the vomeronasal organ inAngoragoats

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to reveal the branches of the descending palatine artery, and its relation to the vomeronasal organ in Angora goats. For this purpose, ten heads of adult Angora goats obtained from a slaughterhouse were used. The ramifications of the latex enjected descending palatine artery and their vomeronasal organ-related findings were revealed by fine dissection and transverse sections. Arterial blood reached the caudally vomeronasal organ primarily via the sphenopalatine artery, and also cranially via a fine branch of the major palatine artery by crossing the palatine fissure. The average diameters of both the descending palatine artery and its branches were thicker on the left side than on the right, and its ramifications were not variable in this species.

Histological Features of the Vomeronasal Organ in New Born Lambs (Ovis aries)

“…This result has recorded by (13) in Gazelle, (6) in Ox, (17) in buffalo, (18) , (19) in camel, (5), (9) in sheep, (20) , (21) in canine, (12) in equine, (22) in male red fox, (23) in Adult Guinea pig, (24) in giraffe, (25) in bear. On other hand this result disagrees with (26) in goat, (12) in horse who mentioned that the respiratory epithelium is only type in rostral portion of organ. This result suggests that, the neuro-epithelium which lining medial wall of vomernasal duct (rostral and middle portions) has been given these portions specify with olfaction, subsequently called "olfactory part".…”

“…This result dissimilar to results of adult mammals recorded by (5) , (6) , (17) , (20) , (21) , (22) (23) , (25) , (29) and (30) . The current results suggested that the respiratory epithelium has displayed few population of goblet cells, this feature revealed that the function of new born lamb vomernasal organ could be limited because that the mucous secretion of the goblet cells is so important as a part of mechanical apparatus of pumping system, this observation is supported (10) and (26) .…”

“…The hyaline cartilage was enclosing the vomernasal duct completely with except small silt like opening which seen at the dorsal aspect of the cartilage (fig. 1), similarly to all mammals, the vomeronasal organ of newly born lamb is enclose and supported by cartilage which at the pre rostral portion, meanwhile at vomernasal duct the cartilage has completely enclosed the vomernasal duct, this result paralleled with results of (5) in sheep, (26) in goat, (20) , (21) in doges, (25) in the brown bear, (27) in monkey, and in male red fox (22) . This result suggest that the incomplete condition of cartilage serve to gives the vomernasal duct a required distention during pumping mechanism (6) , (28) , so is give an idea that the vomernasal organ had functional statues also the variable shape of the lumen of vomernasal duct, on the other hand the incomplete cartilage lead to allow the blood supply into the soft tissue of the vomernasal organ from nasal mucosa, this agrees with results (5) , (8) and (6) The lateral walls respiratory epithelium was pseudo stratified columnar epithelium showed few of goblet cells and composed of (Ciliated columnar cells, non-ciliated goblet cells & basal cells) and revealed poor ciliogenesis (fig.…”