The brain basis of piano performance

Parsons, Lawrence M.; Sergent, Justine; Hodges, Donald A.; Fox, Peter T.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.11.007

Cited by 99 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Increased activation within the left hemisphere in both Broca's area and pregenual ACC is consistent with the literature implicating ACC in attentionally demanding tasks (MacDonald et al, 2000), including music performance (Parsons et al, 2005), which suggests that ACC mediates cognitive control within the same hemisphere as the brain areas supporting the task being executed (Stephan et al, 2003). Furthermore, it has been suggested that lateral prefrontal cortex computes on-line information necessary for the choice of appropriate response whereas ACC facilitates implementation of the selected action (Paus, 2001) and, specifically, by monitoring conflicting movements rather than conflicting response choice (Cavina-Pratesi et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In particular, the human brain has a well known capacity for neuroplastic adaptation in response to skill acquisition (Sterr et al, 1998), which is predicted to occur in musicians in structures that have particular functional relevance for enabling musical performance. For example, increased gray-matter volume in Broca's area, known to subserve the visuospatial analysis and sequencing of rapid motor actions required for musical performance from sight reading (Sergent et al, 1992;Parsons et al, 2005;Bengtsson and Ullen, 2006), was found to be related to years of orchestral playing (Sluming et al, 2002). Sight-reading ability has been shown to be a significant factor influencing a musician's ability to perform a repertoire of rehearsed music (McPherson et al, 1997), which is fundamental for professional symphony orchestra musicians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Brooks²,

et al. 2007

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We provide neurobehavioral evidence supporting the transferable benefit of music training to alter brain function and enhance cognitive performance in a nonmusical visuospatial task in professional orchestral musicians. In particular, orchestral musicians' performance on a three-dimensional mental rotation (3DMR) task exhibited the behavioral profile normally only attained after significant practice, supporting the suggestion that these musicians already possessed well developed neural circuits to support 3DMR. Furthermore, functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that only orchestral musicians showed significantly increased activation in Broca's area, in addition to the well known visuospatial network, which was activated in both musicians and nonmusicians who were matched on age, sex, and verbal intelligence. We interpret these functional neuroimaging findings to reflect preferential recruitment of Broca's area, part of the neural substrate supporting sight reading and motor-sequence organization underpinning musical performance, to subserve 3DMR in musicians. Our data, therefore, provide convergent behavioral and neurofunctional evidence supporting the suggestion that development of the sight-reading skills of musical performance alters brain circuit organization which, in turn, confers a wider cognitive benefit, in particular, to nonmusical visuospatial cognition in professional orchestral musicians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Brooks²,

et al. 2007

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“…An important next step will be to analyze the neural underpinnings of the cognitive components of improvisation, such as production of melodic and rhythmic structures, and the interaction between systems for planning, motor attention, response generation, and selection. The brain regions shown to be involved in musical improvisation in the present study are part of a larger set of neural regions active during piano performance (Bengtsson & Ullén, 2006;Parsons, Sergent, Hodges, & Fox, 2005). It would be of interest to examine to what extent these are specifically involved in creative behaviors in other domains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cortical Regions Involved in the Generation of Musical Structures during Improvisation in Pianists

Bengtsson

Csíkszentmihályi

Ullén

2007

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

155

112

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Abstract& Studies on simple pseudorandom motor and cognitive tasks have shown that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and rostral premotor areas are involved in free response selection. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate whether these brain regions are also involved in free generation of responses in a more complex creative behavior: musical improvisation. Eleven professional pianists participated in the study. In one condition, Improvise, the pianist improvised on the basis of a visually displayed melody. In the control condition, Reproduce, the participant reproduced his previous improvisation from memory. Participants were able to reproduce their improvisations with a high level of accuracy, and the contrast Improvise versus Reproduce was thus essentially matched in terms of motor output and sensory feedback. However, the Improvise condition required storage in memory of the improvisation. We therefore also included a condition FreeImp, where the pianist improvised but was instructed not to memorize his performance. To locate brain regions involved in musical creation, we investigated the activations in the Improvise-Reproduce contrast that were also present in FreeImp contrasted with a baseline rest condition. Activated brain regions included the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the presupplementary motor area, the rostral portion of the dorsal premotor cortex, and the left posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus. We suggest that these regions are part of a network involved in musical creation, and discuss their possible functional roles. &

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“…modelos experimentais por meio de ressonância nuclear magnética funcional, o movimento de dorsiflexão ativo promove ativação das áreas do córtex sensório-motor, área motora suplementar e córtex pré-m o t o r 2 8 , 2 9 . Com o restabelecimento da função, nossos resultados mostraram que há indícios dos aspectos de incorporação do gesto (re) aprendido no córt e x cerebral 30,31 . Assim, a melhora da atividade dorsiflexora do pé poderá incrementar as informações proprioceptivas e, possibilitar a formação e memorização da tarefa 32 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Coerência espectral do eletrencefalograma em pacientes submetidos a transposição tendinosa: estudo pré e pós-operatório

Silva

Knackfuss

Portella

et al. 2006

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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RESUMO -A transferência tendinosa do músculo tibial posterior é intervenção cirúrgica bastante utilizada na ortopedia para correção do pé caído por seqüela de hanseníase. Poucos modelos propuseram investigações mais significativas sobre os fenômenos plásticos cerebrais nas transferências tendinosas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a coerência espectral (CE) na Eletroencefalografia (EEG) em pacientes submetidos a transferência do tendão do tibial posterior pela técnica de Srinivasan através da EEG quantitativa (EEGq). A amostra foi composta de quatro sujeitos com pé caído devido a seqüela de hanseníase. Os parâmetro s de CE do EEG foram quantificados no momento pré e pós-operatório. Os resultados mostraram que houve efeito principal para o fator momento, significativo, no par de eletrodos C3-CZ, com aumento da coerência. E n t retanto, os achados da ANOVA não revelaram interação significativa entre bandas versus momento. A recuperação funcional promovida por tal cirurgia parece gerar alterações corticais.PA L AV R A S -C H AVE: EEGq, coerência, transferência tendinosa, hanseníase, pé caído, integração sensório-motora.EEG spectral coherence at patients submitted to tendon transfer surg e ry: study pre and post surgery ABSTRACT -Tendon transfer of the tibiliais posterior muscle is a surgical intervention widely employed in o rthopedics for the correction of drop foot caused by lepro s y. However, few models have proposed a t h o rough investigation of the brain plasticity phenomenon during tendon transfer. Thus, the present study aimed at analyzing EEG spectral coherence (SC) in patients submitted to tendon transfer of the tibiliais posterior muscle by Srinivasan's technique and quantitative EEG (EEGq). The sample consisted of four subjects with drop foot caused by lepro s y. The SC parameter was evaluated in two experimental moments: p re and post-surg e ry. Results demonstrated a main moment effect for the C3-CZ electrode pair. Specifically, a significant increase in coherence values was observed. However, the ANOVA did not indicate a significant band/moment interaction. It can be assumed that coherence augmentation indicates that functional rehabilitation promoted by this specific surgery yields cortical alterations.KEY WORDS: qEEG, coherence, tendon transfer, leprosy, drop foot, motor sensory integration.Srinivasan 6 para correção do pé caído em função da paralisia do músculo tibial anterior. Dentre as etiologias desta enfermidade no pé, destacam-se as paralisias por hanseníase. Assim, a transferência tendinosa para correção do pé caído é um dos tratamentos mais preconizados nas debilidades musculares proAs transferências tendinosas são procedimentos cir ú rgicos que têm o intuito de restabelecer funcionalidade do segmento acometido por lesões nervosas periféricas. Um dos pioneiros neste procedimento foi Ob e r 1 e, posteriormente, surgiram outras pro p o s t a s 2 -5 . Uma das técnicas mais utilizada foi desenvolvida por

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The brain basis of piano performance

Cited by 99 publications

References 88 publications

Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Broca's Area Supports Enhanced Visuospatial Cognition in Orchestral Musicians

Cortical Regions Involved in the Generation of Musical Structures during Improvisation in Pianists

Coerência espectral do eletrencefalograma em pacientes submetidos a transposição tendinosa: estudo pré e pós-operatório

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