The Boyd Orr Lecture: Nutrition interventions in aging and age-associated disease

Meydani, Mohsen

doi:10.1079/pns2002144

Cited by 46 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Antioxidants to prevent freeradical mediated protein damage are used to delay progressive aging and diseases. 28,29 The thiol group of cysteine plays an important role in the antioxidation of ROS and free radicals. 11,12 In the present study, however, cysteine also acted as a radical mediator to induce protein secondary conformational changes of BSA to form aggregation in the presence of UV-B irradiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy studies of cysteine‐induced changes in secondary conformations of bovine serum albumin after UV‐B irradiation

et al. 2003

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Fourier transform IR spectroscopy equipped with attenuated total reflection was used to investigate the cysteine-induced alteration of the protein secondary structure of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous solution before and after UV-B irradiation. Several amino acids were also studied. The results indicate the unchanged IR spectra of BSA coincubated with amino acids, except cysteine, did not change after 72-h UV-B irradiation. There was no difference in the IR spectrum of the unirradiated BSA coincubated with cysteine. A shoulder at 1620 cm(-1) attributed to the intermolecular beta-sheet structure was observed for the IR spectrum of BSA coincubated with cysteine after 72-h UV-B irradiation. Moreover, the peak intensity at 1303 cm(-1) that is due the alpha-helix structure was reduced, but the peak intensity at 1247 cm(-1) corresponding to beta-sheet structures was increased. Longer UV-B exposure for a BSA solution coincubated with cysteine changed the BSA solution from clear to viscous to gel form in which a transparent gel and another white gel were simultaneously observed. A gradual IR spectral alteration was found for BSA coincubated with cysteine and subjected to increased UV-B irradiation. The longer UV-B irradiation yielded increased intensity at 1620 cm(-1). The second-derivative IR peaks at 1655, 1631, and 1548 cm(-1) were shifted to 1650, 1620, and 1544 cm(-1), respectively, by the increase of UV-B irradiation, suggesting a progressive transformation from an alpha-helix to an intermolecular beta-sheet structure for BSA coincubated with cysteine. This strongly implies that longer UV-B exposure time for the BSA solution in the presence of cysteine did alter the protein secondary structures of BSA more, thus inducing gel formation by protein aggregation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy studies of cysteine‐induced changes in secondary conformations of bovine serum albumin after UV‐B irradiation

et al. 2003

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“…4. Western blot scanning densitometry quantification of the levels of total p53 and phosphorylated p53 at serine 15 in liver of ␣-tocopherol supplemented mice at 6 months and 22 months of age relative to age-matched controls. Protein levels were not significantly affected by age or by treatment (p Ͼ 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 However, the long-term benefits of vitamin E supplementation appear confused. Some studies suggest supplementation can ameliorate various cardiovascular, neurological, and oxidative stress parameters in mammals, [13][14][15] and others report little or no effect. 16 Indeed, dietary vitamin E deficiency is associated with various pathologies, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and various cancers.…”

Section: Introduction Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifelongα-Tocopherol Supplementation Increases the Median Life Span of C57BL/6 Mice in the Cold but Has Only Minor Effects on Oxidative Damage

Selman

McLaren

Mayer

et al. 2008

Rejuvenation Research

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. (2008) Lifelongα-tocopherol supplementation increases the median life span of C57BL/6 mice in the cold but has only minor effects on oxidative damage. Rejuvenation Research, 11 (1 ABSTRACTThe effects of dietary antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress and life span are confused. We maintained C57BL/6 mice at 7 ؎ 2°C and supplemented their diet with ␣-tocopherol from 4 months of age. Supplementation significantly increased (p ‫؍‬ 0.042) median life span by 15% (785 days, n ‫؍‬ 44) relative to unsupplemented controls (682 days, n ‫؍‬ 43) and also increased maximum life span (oldest 10%, p ‫؍‬ 0.028). No sex or sex by treatment interaction effects were observed on life span, with treatment having no effect on resting or daily metabolic rate. Lymphocyte and hepatocyte oxidative DNA damage and hepatic lipid peroxidation were unaffected by supplementation, but hepatic oxidative DNA damage increased with age. Using a cDNA macroarray, genes associated with xenobiotic metabolism were significantly upregulated in the livers of female mice at 6 months of age (2 months supplementation). At 22 months of age (18 months supplementation) this response had largely abated, but various genes linked to the p21 signaling pathway were upregulated at this time. We suggest that ␣-tocopherol may initially be metabolized as a xenobiotic, potentially explaining why previous studies observe a life span extension generally when lifelong supplementation is initiated early in life. The absence of any significant effect on oxidative damage suggests that the life span extension observed was not mediated via any antioxidant properties of ␣-tocopherol. We propose that the life span extension observed following ␣-tocopherol supplementation may be mediated via upregulation of cytochrome p450 genes after 2 months of supplementation and/or upregulation of p21 signaling genes after 18 months of supplementation. However, these signaling pathways now require further investigation to establish their exact role in life span extension following ␣-tocopherol supplementation. 83

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“…The physiological, social and economic changes that are associated with ageing can lead to a compromised nutritional status (Finch et al 1998;Meydani 2002), and a substantial proportion of older populations may have low fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes (Wakimoto and Block 2001;Appleton et al 2009). However, a growing body of observational evidence suggests that increased FV consumption and/or nutrients associated with a diet high in FV, such as carotenoids and vitamin C, may be associated with improved physical function and muscle strength (Cesari et al 2004a;Houston et al 2005;Myint et al 2007;Lauretani et al 2008;Robinson et al 2008;Tomey et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of increased fruit and vegetable consumption on physical function and muscle strength in older adults

Neville

Young

Gilchrist

et al. 2013

AGE

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Fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, which is often low in older people, may be associated with improved muscle strength and physical function. However, there is a shortage of intervention trial evidence to support this. The current study examined the effect of increased FV consumption on measures of muscle strength and physical function among healthy, free-living older adults. A randomized controlled intervention study was undertaken. Eightythree participants aged 65-85 years, habitually consuming ≤2 portions of FV/day, were randomised to continue their normal diet (≤2 portions/day), or to consume ≥5 portions of FV/day for 16 weeks. FV were delivered to all participants each week, free of charge. Compliance was monitored at baseline, 6, 12 and 16 weeks by diet history and by measuring biomarkers of micronutrient status. Grip strength was measured by a hand-held dynamometer, while lower-extremity physical function was assessed by performance-based measures. Eighty-two participants completed the intervention. The 5 portions/day group showed greater change in daily FV consumption compared to the 2 portions/day group (P<0.001). This was reflected in significant increases in biomarkers of micronutrient status. No significant differences were evident in change in physical function between the two groups. However, there was a trend towards a greater change in grip strength in the 5 portions/day compared to the 2 portions/day group (mean change at 16 weeks±SD, 2.04±5.16 and 0.11±3.26 kg, respectively, P=0.06). Increased FV consumption may modestly increase grip strength but has no effect on physical function in healthy older adults.

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The Boyd Orr Lecture: Nutrition interventions in aging and age-associated disease

Cited by 46 publications

References 70 publications

Fourier transform IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy studies of cysteine‐induced changes in secondary conformations of bovine serum albumin after UV‐B irradiation

Fourier transform IR attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy studies of cysteine‐induced changes in secondary conformations of bovine serum albumin after UV‐B irradiation

Lifelongα-Tocopherol Supplementation Increases the Median Life Span of C57BL/6 Mice in the Cold but Has Only Minor Effects on Oxidative Damage

Effect of increased fruit and vegetable consumption on physical function and muscle strength in older adults

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