The bovine antibody repertoire

Zhao, Yaofeng; Jackson, Sara L.; Aitken, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2005.06.012

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…So, it is also possible that the microbiota that shapes the polyfunctional B cell precursors that spawn BrNAbs in humans are different to those in a ruminant, like the bovine, leading to a more rapid and reproducible production of neutralizing antibodies. Finally, the unprecedented long length of the CDRH3 regions of the bovine IgG [65,66] leads to V-regions that make long CDRH3 with an average CDRH3 length that is equal to the maximum size for human CDRH3 frequently observed in BrNAb from human [54,71]. In addition, high a rate of SHM is used in the bovine antibodies [109] may lead to elicit BrNAbs with characteristic highly mutated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavy chain camelid antibodies offer the potential for high-level production in conventional bacterial and yeast biofermentation which may lead to large-scale, relatively low-cost production [64]. In contrast, the length of bovine CDRH3 is highly variable and longer (up to 70 amino acids) than those in other species particularly compared to human [16,[65][66][67][68]. The antibodies with ultralong CDRH3 can comprise up to 10-15% of the entire bovine IgG repertoire ( Figure 2) [16].…”

Section: Bovine Cdrh3 Length Goes Beyond Expectationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In bovine, CDRH3 domains are particularly elongated, and Cys residues are normally frequent forming structures that involve disulfide bonds [67]. The DH2 germline gene encodes repeating motif of Gly-Tyr-Gly which could be mutated into cysteine [16,66]. In another study, the critical contribution of aromatic residues (particularly Trp and His) for HIV Env binding has been revealed (Heydarchi et al submitted).…”

Section: Aromatic Residues In Bovine Cdrh3 Pave the Wave Toward Hiv Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Bos taurus, the V gene is almost limited to one family (gl.110.20) [65,66,68]. However, the bovine immune system has a robust function which implies that some diversification mechanisms are employed to help the immunoglobulins to target epitopes of diverse pathogens.…”

Section: Aromatic Residues In Bovine Cdrh3 Pave the Wave Toward Hiv Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broad Neutralizing Antibodies to HIV Env and Other Complex Viral Antigens from Vaccinated Cows

Heydarchi¹,

Quiroz²,

Purcell³

2016

J Vaccines Vaccin

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The idea of using antibodies to restrain HIV viral replication has been a growing interest since many years ago. HIV-patient serum with elite virus-neutralizing breadth has led to the preparation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (BrNAbs) with long and highly mutated CDRH3 domains that can neutralize a broad array of viral strains and prevent transmission in animal models. Recent advances have resulted in the discovery of BrNAbs that are more potent and can neutralize many HIV-1 subtypes. However, elicitation of these antibodies in infected individuals usually requires a long time of antigen exposure. Though BrNAbs are shown to be successful either therapeutically or prophylactically against HIV-1, production of these antibodies in bulk, commercial-sized batches are expensive and non-affordable particularly for poor countries. Therefore, more durable preventative or therapeutic strategies are required. Immunization of the cows with HIV Env is shown to be capable of producing 20 kg purified anti-HIV-1 BrNAbs and this amount could be sufficient for 2 million × 10 mg doses for formulation and pre-clinical testing as an HIV microbicide. In addition, bovine immunoglobulins typically have variable third heavy complementarity determining regions (CDRH3) that may potentially facilitate access to antigenic epitopes that are very difficult for other species to engage. Thus, cows could be engaged to elicit anti-HIV antibodies with the features of human BrNAbs and bovine colostrum could be a promising and cheap resource for the development of combination microbicides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bovine Cdrh3 Length Goes Beyond Expectationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aromatic Residues In Bovine Cdrh3 Pave the Wave Toward Hiv Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aromatic Residues In Bovine Cdrh3 Pave the Wave Toward Hiv Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Broad Neutralizing Antibodies to HIV Env and Other Complex Viral Antigens from Vaccinated Cows

Heydarchi¹,

Quiroz²,

Purcell³

2016

J Vaccines Vaccin

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“…Ileal Peyer's patch (PP) is thought to be the primary lymphoid organ of B-cell, whose repertoire is diversified by gene conversion and/or somatic hypermutation [7,13]. Ileal PP extends one to two meters along the terminal small intestine and contains about 100,000 lymhatic follicles [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Lymphoid Areas in Calf Ileal Peyer's Patch

Takanashi

Nasu

Murakami

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The secondary lymphoid tissues appear in sheep ileum after involution of ileal Peyer's patch (PP). However, the existence of the secondary lymphoid tissues before involution of ileal PP has not yet been studied. We examined morphological characteristics of the full length of calf ileal PP using gross and microscopic anatomical techniques. Most areas of ileal PP consisted of densely packed lymphatic follicles contained very few follicular T-cell and associated with only scant interfollicular areas. However, the proximal end of ileal PP consisted of widely dispersed lymphatic follicles contained many follicular T-cell and associated with large interfollicular areas. The histological architectures of the proximal end of ileal PP strongly resembled those of the secondary lymphoid tissue in calf.

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