The Bouznika Cambrian barite deposit (Morocco), an early mineralization on the Iapetus margin

Jébrak, Michel; Wartiti, M. El; Marcoux, Éric; Zaharoui, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.02.001

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The positive Eu anomalies and REE patterns of these barite deposits point at an exhalative hydrothermal origin (Barret et al, 1990). The low Ce/La ratios of the barites from the Bijgan (Ehya, 2012), Bouznika (Jébrak et al, 2011) and Duboki Vagan (Jurković et al, 2011) deposits show that these deposits are marine (Ce/La<1), similar to the Farsesh deposit, whereas the high Ce/La ratios of barite from the Mt.Mulga (Griessmann et al, 2010), SCCB (Hein et al, 2007) and Karalar (Bozkaya & Gökce, 2004;Gökce & Bozkaya, 2008) deposits indicate that these barite deposits are terrestrial (Ce/La>1) (Guichard et al, 1979). Comparizon of the REE patterns of the Frasesh barite samples with the SCCB barite deposit (Hein (Guichard et al, 1979) (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Farsesh Barite Deposit With Other Barite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9A), namely (a) Bijgan in Iran (Ehya, 2012), (b) Karalar in Turkey (Bozkaya & Gökce, 2004;Gökce & Bozkaya, 2008), (c) Mt.Mulga in Australia (Griessmann et al, 2010), (e) Bouznika in Morocco (Jébrak et al, 2011), (f) Duboki Vagan in Bosnia (Jurković et al, 2011), and in the southern California continental borderland (SCCB) (Hein et al, 2007). The geology, environment, tectonic setting and genesis of these deposits are summarised in Table 3.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Farsesh Barite Deposit With Other Barite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry and Fuid-Inclusion Microthermometry of the Farsesh Barite Deposit, Iran

et al. 2014

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The Permian carbonate-hosted Farsesh barite deposit is located southeast of the City of Aligudarz in the province of Lorestan, Iran. Structurally, this deposit lies in the Zagros metallogenic belt and the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone. Barite mineralisations occur as open-space flling veins, and as massive and replacement ores along fractures, faults and shear zones of the Permian carbonate host rocks. In order to determine the structure, in addition to pe-trographic and fuid-inclusions studies, an ICP-MS analysis was carried out in order to measure the major as well as the trace and rare earth elements. The Farsesh barite deposit has a simple mineralogy, of which barite is the main mineral, followed by calcite, dolomite, quartz, and opaque minerals such as Fe-oxides. Replacement of bar-ite by calcite is common and is more frequent than space-flling mineralisation. Sulphide minerals are minor and mainly consist of chalcopyrite and pyrite, which are altered by weathering to covellite, malachite and azurite. Petrographic analysis and micro-thermometry were carried out on the two-phase liquid/vapour inclusions in ellipsoidal or irregularly shaped minerals ranging in size from 5–10 µm. The measurements were conducted on fuid inclusions during the heating and subsequent homogenisation in the liquid phase. The low homogenisation temperatures (200–125°C) and low to moderate salinity (4.2–20 eq wt% NaCl) indicate that the barite had precipitated from hydrothermal basinal water with low to moderate salinity. It appears from the major and trace elements that geochemical features such as Ba and Sr enrichment in the barite samples was accompanied by depletion of Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu and Sb. The geochemistry of the rare earth elements, such as low σREE concentrations, LREE-enrichment chondrite-normalised REE patterns, the negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies, the low Ce/La ratio and the positive La and Gd anomalies, suggest that the Farsesh barite was deposited from hydrothermally infuenced sea water. The Farsesh deposit contains low-temperature hydrothermal barite. The scatter plots of the barite (close to sea water) in different areas on the CeN/SmN versus CeN/YbN diagram support the possibility that the barite was formed from seawater-bearing hydrothermal fuids.

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Section: Comparison Of the Farsesh Barite Deposit With Other Barite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of the Farsesh Barite Deposit With Other Barite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and Fuid-Inclusion Microthermometry of the Farsesh Barite Deposit, Iran

et al. 2014

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“…Morocco is one of the leading barite producers in the world. Most barite deposits in this region were emplaced during the rift stage assigned to the Triassic-Jurassic period 8 . The Moroccan production mainly comes from three vein-type barite deposits, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ibel Irhoud, Zelmou, Ht. Seksouaa, Drâa-Tafilalet, as well as widespread small outcrops, frequently exploited by local artisanal miners looking for gem-quality specimens [8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of gem-quality barite at Jebel Ouichane district in Nador, Morocco: implications from integrated fluid inclusions, stable isotopes, and geochemistry

Dumańska-Słowik

Naglik

Toboła

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Light-blue barite from Jebel Ouichane in Morocco forms blade-like tabular crystals (up to ca. 10 cm) with superb transparency and lustre. It represents one of the most spectacular gem-quality specimens in the world. The barite is hosted by iron-ore-bearing skarns, developed within Jurassic-Cretaceous limestones, and occurs in close spatial association with calcite. Although it exhibits simple chemical composition, some irregular sectorial zoning, maintained by elevated contents of Sr in various crystal domains, were found. Barite from Ouichane is abundant in one phase (liquid or gas) or two-phase (liquid-gas) fluid inclusions of primary, pseudosecondary, and secondary origin. A combination of fluid inclusion microthermometry and stable isotope data suggest that δ18O value of barite-forming solutions, resulting from mixing of meteoric waters with hydrothermal fluids, could be in the range from -3,5‰ to +2,7 ‰ (VSMOW), whereas the main barite crystallization stage falls in the temperatures range of 160-180 °C. The recorded first ice melting temperatures (-35.9 to -41.5 ºC) indicate the presence of divalent cations, i.e. Ca2+and Mg2+ in addition to NaCl ± KCl in the mineralizing fluid composition. The possible source of SO42- and Ba2+, which gave rise to the barite formation was fluid enriched in Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, S, and other elements derived from the alteration of carbonate and silicate minerals, being components of sedimentary and igneous rocks found in the surroundings of Nador area. Necessary amounts of sulphur could be in turn provided by weathering of pyrite and/or decomposition of organosulphur compounds. The combination of δ34S and δ18O values of barite (+16.39‰ and 6.71‰, respectively) indicate that its formation occurred in a steam-heated (near-surface) environment.

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“…Morocco is one of the leading barite producers in the world. Most barite deposits in this region were emplaced during the rift stage assigned to the Triassic-Jurassic period 16 . The Moroccan production is mainly supported by three vein-type barite deposits, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco

Dumańska-Słowik

Naglik

Toboła

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Light-blue barite from Jebel Ouichane in Morocco forms blade-like tabular crystals (up to ca. 10 cm) with superb transparency and lustre and represents one of the most spectacular gem-quality worldwide. The barite is hosted by iron-ore-bearing skarns, developed within Jurassic-Cretaceous limestones, and occurs in close spatial association with calcite. The crystals have their cores enriched in Sr and contain abundant monophase (liquid) fluid inclusions of primary and pseudosecondary origin. The barite probably precipitated slowly at a relatively low supersaturation and under the control of a surface reaction precipitation mechanism. However, there were some episodes during its formation with a fast growth rate and the coupled dissolution and recrystallization processes. A combination of fluid inclusion data and stable δ18O value for barite (+ 6.71‰ VSMOW) suggests that low-salinity barite-forming solutions resulted from the mixing of strongly-diluted meteoric waters (enriched in light oxygen isotope) with magmatic-hydrothermal fluids under low-temperature conditions (< 100 °C). Meanwhile, the mineralizing fluids must have been enriched in Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, and other elements derived from the alteration of carbonate and silicate minerals in sedimentary and igneous rocks. The coupling between sulphur and oxygen isotope data (+ 16.39‰ VCDT and + 6.71‰ VSMOW, respectively) further suggests that barite crystallized in steam-heated environment, where SO42- derived from magmatic-hydrothermal SO2 reacted with sulphates that originate from the oxidation of H2S under near-surface conditions.

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The Bouznika Cambrian barite deposit (Morocco), an early mineralization on the Iapetus margin

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Geochemistry and Fuid-Inclusion Microthermometry of the Farsesh Barite Deposit, Iran

Geochemistry and Fuid-Inclusion Microthermometry of the Farsesh Barite Deposit, Iran

Origin of gem-quality barite at Jebel Ouichane district in Nador, Morocco: implications from integrated fluid inclusions, stable isotopes, and geochemistry

Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco

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