The boiling crisis phenomenon

Theofanous, T.G.; Tu, Jianwei; Dinh, Anh Tuan; Dinh, Truc-Nam

doi:10.1016/s0894-1777(02)00192-9

Cited by 242 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…9(b) and 9(c). At time t = 2000 the surface is entirely covered by gas and, in analogy to the dryout process, a sharp temperature gradient is created as the gas insulates the hot wall from the interface where boiling occurs [3]. After the interface comes in contact with the insulated walls at the two sides of the domain, the rate of phase change decreases rapidly, corresponding to film boiling.…”

Section: -9mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In engineering, boiling heat transfer is a common method of heat transfer in thermal power plants, conventional and nuclear alike, and is thus an indispensable part of electricity production. Efficiency of heat transfer by boiling is limited by the creation of a vapor film at the hot surface when heat throughput is too high [1][2][3][4]. This effect is generally called critical heat flux, boiling crisis, or dryout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermohydrodynamics of boiling in a van der Waals fluid

et al. 2012

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We present a modeling approach that enables numerical simulations of a boiling Van der Waals fluid based on the diffuse interface description. A boundary condition is implemented that allows in and out flux of mass at constant external pressure. In addition, a boundary condition for controlled wetting properties of the boiling surface is also proposed. We present isothermal verification cases for each element of our modeling approach. By using these two boundary conditions we are able to numerically access a system that contains the essential physics of the boiling process at microscopic scales. Evolution of bubbles under film boiling and nucleate boiling conditions are observed by varying boiling surface wettability. We observe flow patters around the three-phase contact line where the phase change is greatest. For a hydrophilic boiling surface, a complex flow pattern consistent with vapor recoil theory is observed.

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Section: -9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermohydrodynamics of boiling in a van der Waals fluid

et al. 2012

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“…The presumption of vapor trapped on a surface with nanometer scale defects, however, would theoretically require pressure differences of hundreds of atmospheres, something not supported by recent experiments. For example, Theofanous et al 4 performed boiling experiments on clean surfaces with four nanometer mean surface roughness and found that superheats of only tens of K were required for nucleation compared with hundreds or thousands of K predicted by models. Clearly classic theories have limitations explaining nucleation on nearly smooth surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of heterogeneous and homogeneous bubble nucleation using molecular simulations

2007

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NPT and NP zz T molecular dynamics simulations of Lennard-Jones atoms were used to compare homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation. In the heterogeneous cases, the attraction between the fluid and a smooth fcc ͑100͒ surface was varied. Multiple simulations were used to determine nucleation times from which nucleation rates were estimated using a transient nucleation model. Calculations demonstrated a clear enhancement in nucleation rates in the heterogeneous cases compared to the homogeneous case. To obtain homogeneous nucleation rates similar to the heterogeneous cases required temperatures about 10 K higher. It was also found that void formation was favored as the attraction between the liquid and solid was decreased. Varying the system size, thermostatting method, and barostat time constant affected quantitative results, but not the qualitative trends.

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“…DEPIcT from the now-established IR thermometry technique with IR-opaque heaters (5/23) [Theofanous et al 2002, Wagner and Stephan 2009, Gerardi et al 2010, Kim et al 2012, where the temperature measured is the temperature of the surface, which makes it hard to identify phases on the surface conclusively.…”

Section: Description Of the Depict Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of wetted area fraction in subcooled pool boiling of water using infrared thermography

Kim

Park

Buongiorno

2013

Nuclear Engineering and Design

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The wetted area fraction in subcooled pool boiling of water at atmospheric pressure is measured using the DEPIcT (DEtection of Phase by Infrared Thermography) technique. DEPIcT exploits the contrast in infrared (IR) light emissions between wet and dry areas on the surface of an IRtransparent heater to visualize the instantaneous distribution of the liquid and gas phases in contact with the heater surface. In this paper time-averaged wetted area fraction data in nucleate boiling are reported as functions of heat flux (from 30% up to 100% of the Critical Heat Flux) and subcooling (T sub = 0, 5, 10, 30 and 50C). The results show that the wetted area fraction monotonically decreases with increasing heat flux and increases with increasing subcooling: both trends are expected. The range of time-averaged wetted area fractions is from 90%, at low heat flux and high subcooling, to 50% at high heat flux (right before CHF) and low subcooling. It is also shown that the dry areas are periodically rewetted by liquid sloshing on the surface at any subcooling and heat flux; however, the dry areas expand irreversibly at CHF.

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The boiling crisis phenomenon

Cited by 242 publications

References 39 publications

Thermohydrodynamics of boiling in a van der Waals fluid

Thermohydrodynamics of boiling in a van der Waals fluid

Comparison of heterogeneous and homogeneous bubble nucleation using molecular simulations

Measurement of wetted area fraction in subcooled pool boiling of water using infrared thermography

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