The body keeps the score: The neurobiological profile of traumatized adolescents

Laricchiuta, Daniela; Panuccio, Anna; Picerni, Eleonora; Biondo, Daniele; Genovesi, Benedetto; Petrosini, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105033

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 227 publications

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“…In brief, neuronal architecture of resilience largely overlaps with the neuronal structures related to cognitive and emotional regulation, as the executive control network (including prefrontal, frontal and parietal regions), and the emotional arousal network (including cingulate cortex subregions, amygdala, hippocampus and insula). However, up to now these brain structures have been mainly implicated in the vulnerability, rather than in the resilience, to stress or trauma 50 . In fact, since the brain is continuously adapting to the perturbations in bodily homeostasis, most information regards the neurobiology of resilience as response to disease or traumatic adversities, and not to trait resilience we were conversely mainly interested in.…”

Section: Structural Brain Correlates Of Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological and neuro-morphological predictors of resilience in healthy adults: The whole is more than the sum of its parts

Fabrizio,

Picerni,

Laricchiuta

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Research in neuroscience has shifted the focal point from a pathological orientation (responses to recover from trauma or stress) to an emphasis on the role of resilience in health (protective factors to maintain health levels despite eventual adversities). Even if multiple single factors impact resilience capacities, an integrative predictive model including psychological constructs, personality traits and brain structural features may offer a deeper knowledge on trait resilience. We examined the associations between Resilience Scale-10 scores with numerous psychological dimensions, personality traits, and neuro-morphological features (brain volumes and thickness) in healthy adults of both sexes. Furthermore, we investigated the predictors potentially associated to resilience by regression modeling. Resilience values were predicted: positively by some personality characteristics (Conscientiousness, Openness, Resourcefulness, Enlightened second nature), psychological dimensions (Self-efficacy, Positive affect, Confidence), and brain morphological aspects (volumes of amygdala and hippocampus, and cortical thickness of temporal pole); and negatively by other personality traits (Fear of uncertainty) and psychological dimensions (Anxiety, Depression, Need for Approval). The identification of the multiple psychological and personality features and neuro-morphological aspects associated to resilience represents a critical step to understand the factors that predispose individuals to be resilient and eventually to develop novel approaches for resilience promotion.

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Section: Structural Brain Correlates Of Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological and neuro-morphological predictors of resilience in healthy adults: The whole is more than the sum of its parts

Fabrizio,

Picerni,

Laricchiuta

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…El sistema de estrés es un componente básico que subyace los estados de ajuste frente a cualquier cambio o amenaza percibida de estímulos internos o externos (Selye, 1956;McEwen y Akil, 2020). Estos desafíos implican un rompimiento del funcionamiento psicobiológico típico del organismo (i. e., desequilibrio homeostático), por lo que se despliegan un conjunto de respuestas y de reacciones extraordinarias ante las demandas ambientales y los estados emocionales inducidos, despliegue que es mediado por la interacción entre los sistemas nervioso, endocrino e inmune, lo que permite enfrentar los retos fisiológicos y conductuales asociados con la situación desafiante (Laricchiuta et al, 2023;Nelson, 2007;Sandin, 2020;Tsigos y Chrousos, 2002). Al percibir un estímulo amenazante o situación adversa, se presenta una activación inicial de circuitos cerebrales adecuados para codificar el estímulo.…”

Section: Psicobiología E Intervención En Trauma: El Sistema De Estrés...unclassified

Experiencias adversas y protectoras durante el desarrollo temprano: Un modelo transaccional de mecanismos psicobiológicos

Fonseca-Rondón,

Fajardo-Guzmán,

Gutiérrez-Royo

et al. 2023

RPPC

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Pese a la evidencia empírica del importante papel de las experiencias adversas tempranas sobre la salud física y mental en las tres últimas décadas, todavía persisten algunas confusiones conceptuales en la compleja relación entre adversidad, estrés y trauma. Avances conceptuales son necesarios a favor de un abordaje desde los modelos primarios, secundarios y terciarios para la salud. En línea con ello, el objetivo principal del presente artículo es desarrollar una síntesis transaccional de la relación existente entre adversidad temprana, sistema de estrés, trauma y sistema de apego, los mecanismos neurobiológicos implicados, así como sus consecuencias y desafíos para la salud mental durante el desarrollo y la vida. Utilizando la metodología de revisión narrativa, se propondrá y discutirá críticamente literatura fundamental de manera selectiva. Se propone que una aproximación transaccional y multinivel logra resaltar las posibilidades que emergen de profundizar sobre el continuo entre factores protectores, adversidad y trauma, resaltando el complejo entramado de sus conexiones con la psicobiología del trauma.

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“…These changes encompass chronic inflammation and impaired neuronal growth and survival, resulting in persistent structural modifications that extend into adulthood (Brockie et al, 2013; Hart & Rubia, 2012). These adjustments in brain architecture, coupled with subsequent genetic challenges, can significantly influence a child's trajectory following adversity, particularly when protective factors are lacking (Laricchiuta et al, 2023; Teicher et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of adverse family experiences, physical activity, and depression in a national sample of US adolescents

Dong

2023

Child Adoles Psych Nursing

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ProblemsSufficient engagement in physical activity could foster resilience in adolescents and help alleviate the impact of adverse family experiences (AFEs), such as depression. However, the association between cumulative AFEs exposure, physical activity, and depression remains unclear. The aims of this study are to determine the relationship between AFEs and adolescent depression and whether physical activity moderates this relationship.MethodsSecondary analyses were conducted on 29,617 adolescents aged 12–17 years from the 2016–2017 National Survey of Children's Health. Binomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationship among AFEs, child depression, and physical activity. Covariates include individual‐level, social‐level, and societal‐level factors.FindingsThis study reveals that 7.3% of US adolescents had a depression diagnosis. The odds of having a depression diagnosis among US children were 1.6 times (adjusted OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.37–1.86) greater for adolescents with one type of AFEs, and 3.4 times greater (adjusted OR: 3.39, 95% CI: 2.78–4.13) for adolescents with three or more AFEs, compared with children living without AFEs. Physical activity for 1–3 days per week remained a significant, substantial protector of childhood depression among children with at least one type of AFEs (adjusted OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62–0.87).ConclusionsThese results suggest a clinical concern for adolescents with more AFEs. Trauma‐informed care to address multiple types of trauma and physical activity interventions to reduce depression symptoms may be particularly important.

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The body keeps the score: The neurobiological profile of traumatized adolescents

Cited by 12 publications

References 227 publications

The psychological and neuro-morphological predictors of resilience in healthy adults: The whole is more than the sum of its parts

The psychological and neuro-morphological predictors of resilience in healthy adults: The whole is more than the sum of its parts

Experiencias adversas y protectoras durante el desarrollo temprano: Un modelo transaccional de mecanismos psicobiológicos

The association of adverse family experiences, physical activity, and depression in a national sample of US adolescents

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