The birth of scientific reading

Johns, Adrian

doi:10.1038/35053242

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This approach has a long, evolving history dating to the 16th century (see Johns 2001;Ziman 1969), with continual improvements made as a result of new technologies; for example, the invention of the typewriter and carbon paper made it easier to replicate submitted articles (Spier 2002).…”

Section: Traditional Scholarly Roles and Means Of Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Open Public Administration Scholarship

Schweik¹,

Mergel²,

Sandfort³

et al. 2010

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory

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This essay focuses on the potential of information communication technologies to move the Public Administration (PA) scholarly community into a new information paradigm. We begin with a review of conventional approaches PA scholars use to communicate with each other, students, and practitioners. After illustrating advances in Web applications, we call for an ''Open PA Scholarship'' in which research, teaching, and engagement are conducted in a more participatory, timely, and effective manner enabled by new technologies. We conclude with a proposal of Online PA Commons, an interactive Web platform that may facilitate the development of such scholarship.

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Section: Traditional Scholarly Roles and Means Of Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Open Public Administration Scholarship

Schweik¹,

Mergel²,

Sandfort³

et al. 2010

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In an instructive article on scientific reading (and writing), Adrian Johns recently described some of the interesting aspects of the development of books and journals 1. He noted that by the year 1500, more books had been printed than had previously existed.…”

Section: Some Lessons From History—it Has Never Been Easymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of “collective reading groups” in the 16th and 17th centuries who shared the burden of reading, discussing, and evaluating information created a system of collaborative and critical evaluation of knowledge by individuals with committed interest and expertise in those areas. This development had a significant impact on intellectual academies of the time, which included the Royal Society of London and the development of the “ Philosophical Transactions ,” arguably the first scientific journal 1.…”

Section: Some Lessons From History—it Has Never Been Easymentioning

confidence: 99%

The art and science of writing manuscripts

Arceci

2004

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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“…Geographically distributed scientific research and collaboration, as we know it, began in the 16th century with the advances of the printing press and the postal system (Ziman, 1969;Johns, 2001;Lucky, 2000). Peer-review emerged as an important method to improve the quality of scientific information (Burnham, 1990;Kronick, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The open research system: a web-based metadata and data repository for collaborative research

Schweik

Stepanov

Grove

2005

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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Beginning in 1999, a web-based metadata and data repository we call the "open research system" (ORS) was designed and built to assist geographically distributed scientific research teams. The purpose of this innovation was to promote the open sharing of data within and across organizational lines and across geographic distances. As the use of the system continued, end users and group administrators requested the development of a second, Intranet-based system with similar functionality. After three years of operation, a survey was conducted of users of the system to understand why some users and research groups appeared to utilize the two systems more than others. From this research we found that some barriers to use include: (1) mismatch of system functionality to user or group needs; (2) willingness to share with an internal group by Intranet but not with the world by Internet; and (3) resistance to entering metadata because of workplace habits. This experience has also taught us that with respect to web-based metadata and data repositories there is a difference between long-term and short-term research projects in their need to establish good metadata and data storage procedures. Moreover, some time is required for researchers to change from short-term to long-term project thinking. It is also important for organizations or managers of such research groups to reflect on established incentives and penalties that either encourage or discourage appropriate use of metadata in filing procedures. We conclude with a discussion of possible improvements that will be made to the system in the coming years, with an emphasis on the emerging phenomenon of "open content" (OC) collaboration that is being modeled after Internet-based collaboration in "open source" (OS) programming. This development will require online systems like ORS, and the OS/OC approach has * Corresponding author. the potential to evolve into no less than a new paradigm for how cross-organizational (in fact, global) scientific research collaborations are undertaken in the future.

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The birth of scientific reading

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Toward Open Public Administration Scholarship

Toward Open Public Administration Scholarship

The art and science of writing manuscripts

The open research system: a web-based metadata and data repository for collaborative research

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