The bipolar spectrum—the shaping of a new paradigm in psychiatry

Akiskal, Hagop S.

doi:10.1007/s11920-002-0001-1

Cited by 102 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Advocat es for an expanded bipolar disorder construct (i.e., a "bipolar spectrum") believe that the affective lability and impulsive behaviors characteristic of patients with borderline personality disorder derive from shared genes and that borderline personality disorder should be reconceptualized and reclassified as a part of the bipolar spectrum (1)(2)(3). This thesis is timely as psychiatry strives to develop a nosology in which disorders are grouped into spectrums on the basis of shared etiology (4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and Longitudinal Observations on the Relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Gunderson¹,

Weinberg²,

Daversa³

et al. 2006

AJP

125

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and Longitudinal Observations on the Relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Gunderson¹,

Weinberg²,

Daversa³

et al. 2006

AJP

125

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“…3,21 In response to these criticisms, various theories have been proposed in the attempt to better classify this apparently poorly understood construct, with some suggesting that BPD should be classified as falling with one particular disorder spectrum or another-for example, a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 22 an impulse spectrum disorder, 23 or an affective illness disorder. 24 To date, such attempts at reclassification have not greatly enhanced the etiologic and theoretical understanding of the disorder. 1 Of most influence have been attempts to reclassify BPD as a trauma spectrum disorder or as complex PTSD.…”

Section: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borderline Personality or Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? An Update on the Controversy

Lewis

Grenyer

2009

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

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There remains controversy surrounding the nature of the relationship between borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, with strong arguments that it would be more accurate and less stigmatizing for the former to be considered a trauma spectrum disorder. This article reviews the major criticisms of the DSM-IV diagnosis of borderline personality disorder that have fueled this controversy, including the absence of an etiology for the disorder, which is widely believed to be associated with early traumatic experiences. Also reviewed are recent attempts to redefine the disorder as a trauma spectrum variant based on the apparent overlap in symptomatology, rates of diagnostic comorbidity, and the prevalence of early trauma in individuals with a borderline diagnosis. The conceptual and theoretical problems for these reformulations are discussed, with particular reference to discrepancies in theoretical orientation, confusion of risk with causation, and the different foci of interventions for borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and Longitudinal Observations on the Relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Gunderson

Weinberg²,

Daversa³

et al. 2006

Am J Psychiatry

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The bipolar spectrum—the shaping of a new paradigm in psychiatry

Cited by 102 publications

References 20 publications

Descriptive and Longitudinal Observations on the Relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Descriptive and Longitudinal Observations on the Relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Borderline Personality or Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? An Update on the Controversy

Descriptive and Longitudinal Observations on the Relationship of Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

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