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JG. Personality traits as prospective predictors of suicide attempts.Objective: To examine higher order personality factors of negative affectivity (NA) and disinhibition (DIS), as well as lower order facets of impulsivity, as prospective predictors of suicide attempts in a predominantly personality disordered sample. Method: Data were analyzed from 701 participants of the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study with available follow-up data for up to 7 years. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses was used to examine NA and DIS, and facets of impulsivity (e.g. urgency, lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation and sensation seeking), as prospective predictors of suicide attempts. Results: NA, DIS and all facets of impulsivity except for sensation seeking were significant in univariate analyses. In multivariate models which included sex, childhood sexual abuse, course of major depressive disorder and substance use disorders, only NA and lack of premeditation remained significant in predicting suicide attempts. DIS and the remaining impulsivity facets were not significant. Conclusion: NA emerged as a stronger and more robust predictor of suicide attempts than DIS and impulsivity, and warrants greater attention in suicide risk assessment. Distinguishing between facets of impulsivity is important for clinical risk assessment. Significant outcomes• Negative affectivity is a more robust prospective predictor of suicide attempts than DIS and impulsivity, remaining significant even after controlling for numerous other established risk factors, including disinhibition ⁄ impulsivity, childhood sexual abuse, sex, and course of major depressive disorders (MDD) and substance use disorders (SUD).• DIS was not a significant prospective predictor of suicide attempts when controlling for negative affectivity and covariates (sex, childhood sexual abuse, and course of MDD and SUD).• Among the impulsivity facets only lack of premeditation remained significant in a model with negative affectivity and covariates. Limitations• Sample limited to treatment-seeking individuals with personality disorder(s) and ⁄ or MDD.• Negative affectivity and DIS, and facets of impulsivity were assessed using self-report measures, NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) and Schedule for Non-adaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP). Although both are well-validated, they are not definitively established models of personality, and our internal consistency for the sensation seeking (E5) facet was only moderate.• We were able to conduct analyses on those who had follow-up data. Those with follow-up data have lower scores on SNAP DIS and SNAP aggression than those who have only baseline data; participants lost to follow-up who on average had higher scores on DIS and aggression may have had suicide attempts that were not able to be assessed.

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(2008). A comparison of interview and self-report methods for the assessment of borderline personality disorder criteria. Psychological Assessment, 20(1),[81][82][83][84][85]

Background: In the context of much literature and conjecture about the relationship of personality disorders (PD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), this paper uses longitudinal data to assess the frequency with which PD patients, and especially those with borderline personality disorder (BPD), have recurrences (for patients with lifetime histories), or new onsets (for patients without lifetime histories) of MDD. Methods: A sample of 478 PD patients received reliable repeated follow-up assessments over a period of 6 years. The rates of new onsets and recurrences of MDD in all PD patients, and in BPD patients compared to OPD patients were analyzed. Whether age, gender, GAF score, or the number and types of BPD criteria predict new onsets or recurrences of MDD was also examined. Results: Eighty-five percent of PD subjects had episodes of MDD during the 6 year follow-up; of those with lifetime MDD, 85% had recurrences. Of the PD subjects without lifetime MDD, 44% had new onsets. BPD subjects were significantly more likely ( p = .0036) to have recurrences of MDD but were about equally likely to have new onsets compared to OPD subjects. The number and types of BPD criteria were predictive of onsets and recurrences for all PDs, but were not more predictive for the BPD than OPD subsamples. Limitations: Longer term follow ups with a more epidemiologically representative sample of PDs would strengthen the generalizability of this study's findings.