The biomarkers of key miRNAs and target genes associated with acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is considered one of the most prominent causes of death from cardiovascular disease worldwide. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying AMI remains limited. Accurate biomarkers are needed to predict the risk of AMI and would be beneficial for managing the incidence rate. The gold standard for the diagnosis of AMI, the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) assay, requires serial testing, and the timing of measurement with respect to symptoms affects the results. As attractive candidate diagnostic biomarkers in AMI, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are easily detectable, generally stable and tissue specific. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to compare miRNA expression between AMI and control samples, and the interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs were analysed for expression and function. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The miRNAs identified in the bioinformatic analysis were verified by RT-qPCR in an H9C2 cell line. The miRNAs in plasma samples from patients with AMI (n = 11) and healthy controls (n = 11) were used to construct receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the clinical prognostic value of the identified miRNAs. Results We identified eight novel miRNAs as potential candidate diagnostic biomarkers for patients with AMI. In addition, the predicted target genes provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying AMI.

Transport of L-Arginine Related Cardiovascular Risk Markers

“…In a recent cardiovascular health study, SLC7A2 mRNA expression was found to be downregulated by the micro RNA hsa-miR-545 in myocardial infarction [ 142 ]. Moreover, in a GWAS study in Japanese population, a SNP (rs56335308; g.7561951: G > A) in the SLC7A2 gene was found to be associated with plasma L-arginine concentrations [ 151 ].…”

Targeting non-coding RNAs in unstable atherosclerotic plaques: Mechanism, regulation, possibilities, and limitations

“…Recent studies have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are critically involved in the regulation of plaque instability [10][11][12]. NcRNAs can not only participate in regulating the expression of lipoproteins and impact the proliferation and differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to affect plaque stability but also regulate the phenotypic transition of immune cells to affect the development of inflammation around plaques.…”

Expression profiles and potential roles of transfer RNA‐derived small RNAs in atherosclerosis

“… 6 , 7 Once the vulnerable plaques rupture, they induce several clinical conditions, including stroke and myocardial infarction. 8 To date, arteriography is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of AS. However, given the involvement of an invasive procedure, primary injury is mostly unavoidable.…”