The biology of long-term denervated skeletal muscle

Carlson, Bruce M.

doi:10.4081/ejtm.2014.3293

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…These cells are in a quiescent state in healthy muscles, however, in the case of an injury they proliferate in the basal lamina, and with the aid of growth factors that act in chemotaxis, proliferation, and differentiation, the satellite cells form myoblasts. When they cross the basal lamina the myoblasts release enzymes (trypsin and pronase), which are capable of dissolving the membrane and reaching the site of the injury (Carlson, 2014). Evidence suggests that these cells are able to fuse with muscle fibres in order to repair the injured segment, but they may also merge to form myotubes, differentiating themselves and originating a new muscle fibre (Wakayama, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise recovery morphology and AQP1 expression in denervated soleus muscle of Wistar rats

Lovison¹,

Vieira²,

Kunz³

et al. 2018

motricidade

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It was our objective to analyse the effects of resistance exercise (climbing steps), which was started in the acute phase, on the histomorphometry and the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the soleus muscle after sciatic nerve injury in Wistar rats. Twenty-four adult rats were randomly divided into the following four groups, containing six animals each: control (G1); exercise (G2); injury (G3); and exercise with injury (G4). Three days after the compression of the sciatic nerve, the animals in G2 and G4 were submitted to resistance exercise for 21 non-consecutives days. The exercise was conducted in two series of 10 consecutive ascents of the ladder, with an additional weight of 100g and with an interval of 60 seconds between sets for rest. After this period, the animals were sacrificed, and the soleus muscle was processed. The number of blood capillaries in G3 was 65.7% and 76.86% higher when compared with the G2 and G4, respectively. The morphological analysis revealed muscle damage in G3, hypertrophy in G2 and significant improvement in the muscle in G4. The AQP1 was immunolocalized in the endothelium of blood capillaries present in the muscle fibres, with different expressions in the groups. Resistance exercise initiated in the acute phase was an effective therapeutic modality in the recovery of morphological aspects in the soleus muscle after denervation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise recovery morphology and AQP1 expression in denervated soleus muscle of Wistar rats

Lovison¹,

Vieira²,

Kunz³

et al. 2018

motricidade

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“…Denervation is well known to trigger severe muscle atrophy (Carlson, 2014). Based on the marked accumulation of very small fibres in muscles injected with the AAV-shDrp1 (Fig.…”

Section: Drp1 Knockdown Increases Markers Of Denervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drp1 knockdown induces severe muscle atrophy and remodelling, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy impairment and denervation

Dulac

Leduc‐Gaudet

Reynaud

et al. 2020

The Journal of Physiology

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Key points The maintenance of optimal mitochondrial content and function is critical for muscle health. Mitochondrial dynamics play key roles in mitochondrial quality control; however, the exact role that mitochondrial fission plays in skeletal muscle health remains unclear. Here we report knocking down Drp1 (a protein regulating mitochondrial fission) for 4 months in adult mouse skeletal muscle resulted in severe muscle atrophy (40–50%). Drp1 knockdown also led to a reduction in ADP‐stimulated respiration, an increase in markers of impaired autophagy and increased muscle regeneration, denervation, fibrosis and oxidative stress. Our data indicate that Drp1 is crucial for the maintenance of normal mitochondrial function and that Drp1 depletion severely impairs muscle health. Abstract Mitochondria play central roles in skeletal muscle physiology, including energy supply, regulation of energy‐sensitive signalling pathways, reactive oxygen species production/signalling, calcium homeostasis and the regulation of apoptosis. The maintenance of optimal mitochondrial content and function is therefore critical for muscle cells. Mitochondria are now well known as highly dynamic organelles, able to change their morphology through fusion and fission processes. Solid experimental evidence indicates that mitochondrial dynamics play key roles in mitochondrial quality control, and alteration in the expression of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics have been reported in many conditions associated with muscle atrophy and wasting. However, the exact role that mitochondrial fission plays in skeletal muscle health remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the impact of Drp1 (a protein regulating mitochondrial fission) knockdown, introduced via intramuscular injection of adeno‐associated virus (AAV) on adult mouse skeletal muscle. Knocking down Drp1 for 4 months resulted in very severe muscle atrophy (40–50%). Drp1 knockdown also led to a reduction in ADP‐stimulated respiration and increases in markers of muscle regeneration, denervation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and impaired autophagy. Our findings indicate that Drp1 is essential for the maintenance of normal mitochondrial function and that Drp1 suppression severely impairs muscle health.

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“…Several studies have investigated the mechanisms involved in the regulation of muscle mass. Denervation induces an immediate loss of skeletal muscle mass [36]. Although reinnervation after long-term denervation may result in the partial recovery of muscle mass, it is typically not restored to the original state [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological association between the muscles and bones in the craniofacial region

et al. 2020

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The strains of inbred laboratory mice are isogenic and homogeneous for over 98.6% of their genomes. However, geometric morphometric studies have demonstrated clear differences among the skull shapes of various mice strains. The question now arises: why are skull shapes different among the mice strains? Epigenetic processes, such as morphological interaction between the muscles and bones, may cause differences in the skull shapes among various mice strains. To test these predictions, the objective of this study is to examine the morphological association between a specific part of the skull and its adjacent muscle. We examined C57BL6J, BALB/cA, and ICR mice on embryonic days (E) 12.5 and 16.5 as well as on postnatal days (P) 0, 10, and 90. As a result, we found morphological differences between C57BL6J and BALB/cA mice with respect to the inferior spine of the hypophyseal cartilage or basisphenoid (SP) and the tensor veli palatini muscle (TVP) during the prenatal and postnatal periods. There was a morphological correlation between the SP and the TVP in the C57BL6J, BALB/cA, and ICR mice during E15 and P0. However, there were not correlation between the TVP and the SP during P10. After discectomy, bone deformation was associated with a change in the shape of the adjacent muscle. Therefore, epigenetic modifications linked to the interaction between the muscles and bones might occur easily during the prenatal period, and inflammation seems to allow epigenetic modifications between the two to occur.

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The biology of long-term denervated skeletal muscle

Cited by 76 publications

References 70 publications

Resistance exercise recovery morphology and AQP1 expression in denervated soleus muscle of Wistar rats

Resistance exercise recovery morphology and AQP1 expression in denervated soleus muscle of Wistar rats

Drp1 knockdown induces severe muscle atrophy and remodelling, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy impairment and denervation

Morphological association between the muscles and bones in the craniofacial region

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