The biology of Canadian weeds. 122. <i>Lactuca serriola</i> L.

Weaver, Susan E.; Downs, Michael

doi:10.4141/p02-059

Cited by 37 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…covering an area larger than 10,000 m 2 and comprising more than 1000 plants), so called 'Lactuca fields , are increasing in occurrence in arable areas (Lebeda 2004, unpubl.). This phenomenon evidently supports our findings that L. serriola is to be considered an 'r' strategist and a pioneer species (Mejı´as 1994) of natural plant communities persisting at localities for 2 or 3 years and in the course of the succession is replaced with other plant species (Weaver and Downs 2003).…”

Section: Ecology Of Lactuca Serriola Lsupporting

confidence: 90%

Acquisition and ecological characterization of Lactuca serriola L. germplasm collected in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom

Lebeda

Doležalová

Křístková

et al. 2006

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Expeditions were conducted in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom in 2001Kingdom in (partly 1998 to study Lactuca serriola L. (prickly lettuce, compass plant) geographic distribution, ecology, habitat characteristics and occurrence of diseases and pests on this species. During these missions the seed material of L. serriola L. was collected in an east-west transect of these four countries. The European transect where seeds were collected and field observations were made represents a relatively large area between 2°34¢50¢¢ W-17°32¢46¢¢ E and 47°40¢42¢¢-54°04¢19¢¢ N. The seed material was used for regeneration, inclusion in the national genetic resources collections of individual countries and for research purposes in follow-up studies. During the missions, 50 locations with occurrence of L. serriola L. were visited (16 in Czech Republic and Germany, 10 in UK and 8 in the Netherlands). Individual seed lots of sixteen different plants were collected at each location (L. serriola L. population). Thus, in total 800 seed samples were collected. In Czech Republic and Germany L. serriola L. f. serriola dominated in all observed populations, in the Netherlands both f. serriola and f. integrifolia occurred in pure or mixed stands, whereas in the United Kingdom L. serriola L. f. integrifolia (S.F. Gray) S.D. Prince et R.N. Carter was dominant. L. serriola L. was recorded at various altitudes ( À 4 to 410 m), different habitats (ditches, along roads, fields and field margins, ruderal places, pavements and parking sites, fallow fields), individual populations varied substantially in size (20 to >1000 plants), area covered (25-10,000 m 2 ), and the structure and character of associated plant communities. Natural infections by downy mildew (Bremia lactucae Regel) and powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) V.P. Gelyuta) were observed in some populations. B. lactucae Regel was recorded only in Czech Republic, G. cichoracearum (DC.) V.P. Gelyuta was more common in continental Europe. General and specific aspects of L. serriola L. geographic distribution and ecology are discussed.

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Section: Ecology Of Lactuca Serriola Lsupporting

confidence: 90%

Acquisition and ecological characterization of Lactuca serriola L. germplasm collected in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom

Lebeda

Doležalová

Křístková

et al. 2006

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…These risks are thought to be higher if the wild plants show already weedy tendencies (Snow and Palma, 1997). In this context, Lactuca serriola is already described as an invasive weed in Canada and in Argentina, where it occurs in a variety of crops where notill or conservation tillage systems are used (Weaver and Downs, 2003), and in many European countries, where it occupies ruderal places (Lebeda et al, 2004). Interestingly enough, herbicide-resistant weedy populations * Corresponding author: luigi.dandrea@natucom.ch of prickly lettuce have already been found in the United States and in Australia (International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds, http://www.weedscience.org/in.asp).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while the potential weedy character of prickly lettuce (Weaver et al, 2003), and its ability to hybridize with crop lettuce (Frietema de Vries et al, 1994) have been demonstrated, no data exist on the likelihood of such events. Intuitively, the chances for hybridization are low for such predominantly autogamous species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization rates between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (L. serriola) under field conditions

D’Andrea

Felber

Guadagnuolo

2008

Environ. Biosafety Res.

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. Progeny was screened morphologically for detecting natural hybrids. Prior to the experiment, specific RAPD markers were used to confirm that morphological characters were reliable for hybrid identification. Hybridization occurred up to the maximal distance tested (40 m), and hybridization rates varied between 0 to 26%, decreasing with distance. More than 80% of the wild plants produced at least one hybrid (incidence of hybridization, IH) at 0 m and 1 m. It equaled 4 to 5% at 40 m. In sympatric crop-wild populations, cross-pollination between cultivated lettuce and its wild relative has to be seen as the rule rather than the exception for short distances.

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“…However, it is well dispersed and has been present in the non-native regions for hundreds of generations, so has plausibly had time to establish stable climate limits. The earliest record of the species in North America is 1863 [38], whereas the DIYABC analysis suggested introduction dates in the mid-seventeenth century. However, there was large uncertainty in these estimates, which do not account for ongoing gene flow among regions owing to multiple introduction events [28].…”

Section: (B) Climatic Niche Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution under changing climates: climatic niche stasis despite rapid evolution in a non-native plant

Alexander

2013

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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A topic of great current interest is the capacity of populations to adapt genetically to rapidly changing climates, for example by evolving the timing of life-history events, but this is challenging to address experimentally. I use a plant invasion as a model system to tackle this question by combining molecular markers, a common garden experiment and climatic niche modelling. This approach reveals that non-native Lactuca serriola originates primarily from Europe, a climatic subset of its native range, with low rates of admixture from Asia. It has rapidly refilled its climatic niche in the new range, associated with the evolution of flowering phenology to produce clines along climate gradients that mirror those across the native range. Consequently, some non-native plants have evolved development times and grow under climates more extreme than those found in Europe, but not among populations from the native range as a whole. This suggests that many plant populations can adapt rapidly to changed climatic conditions that are already within the climatic niche space occupied by the species elsewhere in its range, but that evolution to conditions outside of this range is more difficult. These findings can also help to explain the prevalence of niche conservatism among non-native species.

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The biology of Canadian weeds. 122. Lactuca serriola L.

Cited by 37 publications

References 47 publications

Acquisition and ecological characterization of Lactuca serriola L. germplasm collected in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom

Acquisition and ecological characterization of Lactuca serriola L. germplasm collected in the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom

Hybridization rates between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (L. serriola) under field conditions

Evolution under changing climates: climatic niche stasis despite rapid evolution in a non-native plant

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