The biodiversity and composition of the dominant fecal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Sha, Sumei; Xu, Biao; Wang, Xin; Zhang, Yongguo; Wang, Honghong; Kong, Xiangyun; Zhu, Hongwu; Wu, Kaichun

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.11.022

Cited by 142 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, a reduced amount of Lactobacillus may contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Indeed, such alterations in the microbiota were observed by several authors [93,145], though increased amounts [144] or no change of Lactobacillus levels [147] have also been reported.…”

Section: The Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 87%

“…One main difference is the decreased representation of the Firmicutes phylum. A reduction of the Clostridium leptum and coccoides groups (also known as Clostridium cluster IV and XIVa, respectively), and in particular the decreased amount of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was observed by several groups [144][145][146][147][148]. Indigenous Clostridia may possess antiinflammatory properties by inducing IL-10 expressing Foxp3 + CD4…”

Section: The Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its Polysaccharide A (PSA) component has been shown to inhibit Helicobacter hepaticus-induced experimental colitis in mice [157] and to directly induce the anti-inflammatory function of Foxp3 + Treg cells by acting on TLR2 [158]. Although early observations suggested a higher abundance of Bacteroides fragilis in IBD patients [159], recent studies found lower levels of this commensal [146,147].…”

Section: The Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut Inflammation: Current Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanism and Pharmacological Treatment Modalities

Gyires¹,

Tóth²,

Zádori

2014

CPD

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The two main forms of IBD are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. According to the recent concept the disease is caused by a combination of factors, including genetics, immune dysregulation, barrier dysfunction and the change in microbial flora. Environmental factors, such as changes in diet, antibiotic use, smoking or improved domestic hygiene (e.g. eradication of intestinal helminths) probably contribute to the development and increased prevalence of IBD. Dysregulation of mucosal immunity in IBD causes an overproduction of inflammatory cytokines which resulted in uncontrolled intestinal inflammation. Based on extensive research over the last decade, besides the conventional therapy, there are several novel pathways and specific targets, on which focus new therapeutics. New therapeutics aim 1./ to correct genetic susceptibility by stimulating NOD2 expression, TLR3 signaling or inhibition of TLR4 pathway, 2./ to restore the immune dysregulation by inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17, IL-18, IL-21), Th1 polarisation (IL-2, IL-12, IL-23, IFN-), T-cell activation, leukocyte adhesion, as well as by immunostimulation (GM-CSF, G-CSF) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-11, IFN--1a), 3./ to restore mucosal barrier function and stimulate mucosal healing by different growth factors, such as GH, EGF, KGF, TGF-, VEGF, 4./ to restore the normal bacterial flora by antibiotics, probiotics. However, in spite of these numerous potential targets, the true value and clinical significance of most of the new biologics and molecules are not clear yet.

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Section: The Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: The Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut Inflammation: Current Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanism and Pharmacological Treatment Modalities

Gyires¹,

Tóth²,

Zádori

2014

CPD

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“…The biodiversity of fecal microbiota was evaluated according to the number of bands and the Shannon-Weaver index of biodiversity (H ) in accordance with previous studies (16,23). Similarities analysis was conducted using the unweighted-pair group method with the arithmetic average (UPGMA) clustering algorithm in Quantity One software (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in 5 - 8-Year-old Children with and without Cow Milk Protein Allergy

et al. 2016

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Background: The bacterial diversity and microbial communities in the feces of children with cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) may be altered; these changes have not been clearly elucidated in 5 -8-year-old children with CMPA. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the bacterial diversity and microbial communities of feces in 5 -8-year-old children with CMPA and those of healthy children of the same age. Methods: Stool samples from 12 children with CMPA and 12 healthy individuals were collected. Total bacterial DNA of all samples were extracted and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) using bacterial v3 universal primers and the species-specific primers of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium coccoides. The preponderant bacterial bands were identified by gene sequencing. Results:The results revealed that the diversity of fecal dominant microbiota and C. coccoides group in children with CMPA were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in healthy children. Meanwhile, a lower degree of diversity in the Bifidobacterium group and no difference in the diversity of the Lactobacillus group were found in the feces of children with CMPA. Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Escherichia coli were more abundant in the fecal microbiota of CMPA children than in healthy controls. In addition, C. celerecrescens was found only in the fecal microbiota of CMPA children, whereas B. bifidum was found only in the feces of healthy children. Conclusions: There were some notable changes in the fecal microbiota of 5 -8-year-old children with CMPA.

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“…Although this study did not imply a more diverse microbiota is 'preferable' in terms of health, others have certainly implied this through association [60][61][62]. Such conclusions, regardless of the different tools used to acquire the data, should also be treated with caution.…”

Section: Effects Of Diets On the Gut Microbiota In Five Continentsmentioning

confidence: 67%

The Effects of Diet and the Microbiome on Reproduction and Longevity: A Comparative Review Across 5 Continents

Chilton¹,

Enos

Burton

et al. 2014

J Nutr Food Sci

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The biodiversity and composition of the dominant fecal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 142 publications

References 46 publications

Gut Inflammation: Current Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanism and Pharmacological Treatment Modalities

Gut Inflammation: Current Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanism and Pharmacological Treatment Modalities

Comparative Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in 5 - 8-Year-old Children with and without Cow Milk Protein Allergy

The Effects of Diet and the Microbiome on Reproduction and Longevity: A Comparative Review Across 5 Continents

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