The Biocontrol Effect of Mycorrhization on Soilborne Fungal Pathogens and the Autoregulation of the AM Symbiosis: One Mechanism, Two Effects?

Vierheilig, Horst; Steinkellner, Siegrid; Khaosaad, Thanasan; Garrido, José Manuel Garcı́a

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-78826-3_15

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(85 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Effects of single applications of the tested inducers, however, seemed to be host-dependent in our study. It was also pointed out that the host genome seems to affect the protective effect provided by the AMF and a certain level of root mycorrhization is needed to provide bioprotection [27]. Studying mycorrhization of two sunflower genotypes slight differences were found in the reactions of plants, as well [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical inducer, BTH (benzothiadiazole) and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus spp.) trigger resistance against white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in sunflower

Bán

Baglyas

Virányi

et al. 2017

Acta Biologica Hungarica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

White rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (SS) is one of the most devastating plant diseases of sunflower. Controlling this pathogen by available tools hardly result in acceptable control. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of plant resistance inducers, BTH (benzothiadiazole in Bion 50 WG) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on disease development of white rot in three sunflower genotypes. Defence responses were characterized by measuring the disease severity and identifying cellular/ histological reactions (e.g. autofluorescence) of host plants upon infection. Depending on the host genotype, a single application of inducers reduced disease symptoms. Histological examination of host responses revealed that BTH and/or AMF pre-treatments significantly impeded the development of pathogenic hyphae in Iregi szürke csíkos and P63LE13 sunflower plants and it was associated with intensive autofluorescence of cells. Both localized and systemic induction of resistance was observed. Importantly, the frequency of mycorrhization of hybrid P63LE13 and PR64H41 was significantly increased upon BTH treatment, so it had a positive effect on the formation of plant-mycorrhiza interactions in sunflower. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the additive effect of BTH on mycorrhization and the positive effect of these inducers against SS in sunflower.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical inducer, BTH (benzothiadiazole) and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus spp.) trigger resistance against white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in sunflower

Bán

Baglyas

Virányi

et al. 2017

Acta Biologica Hungarica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This phytoalexin could be related with the delay of the development of necrosis by wilt (Sid-Ahmed et al, 2000). Other mechanisms of action against plant pathogens are include structural functional compensation in the roots of diseased plants (Vierheilig et al, 2008) and the maintenance of the redox equilibria during Oxidative Stress (OS) promoted by the pathogen attack (Alejo et al, 2008). On the other hand, actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that are considered stimulators of plant growth, in that they can synthesize hormones and to solubilize and mineralize organic nutrients, which promote their assimilation by plants, rendering a nutritional benefit (Franco-Correa, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF MYCORRHIZAE AND ACTINOMYCETES ON GROWTH AND BIOPROTECTION OF Capsicum annuum L. AGAINST Phytophthora capsici

Reyes-Tena¹

2017

PAKJAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To evaluate the inoculation effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and actinomycetes on promoting plant growth and diminishing wilt in pepper plant (Capsicum annuum L.), a pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using a factorial design on random blocks. It was evaluated the native Cerro del Metate mycorrhizal consortium, and ABV39 and ABV02 actinomycetes were evaluated against the CH11 stain of Phytophthora capsici. Responses of the variables evaluated were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, total fresh and dry biomass, leaf area and radical volume, number of AMF spores, mycorrhizal colonization, roots infected with P. capsici, and severity of wilting utilizing an ordinal qualitative scale. The results showed that mycorrhizal plants and inoculated with ABV39 demonstrated the highest values for plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves with 26.12 cm, 5.29 mm, and 35.12 leaves, respectively. Co-inoculation of AMF and both actinomycetes significantly promoted (p≤0.001) total fresh and dry biomass and leaf area of the plants without P. capsici. The disease severity of the AMF-inoculated plants diminished against plants without mycorrhization. However, when they were also co-inoculated with ABV39 or ABV02, disease severity was significantly reduced (p≤0.05), up to level 2 of 5 levels on a severity scale. These results show a synergetic effect with co-inoculation of AMF and actinomycetes in vegetal growth promotion and bioprotection against wilting caused by P. capsici in pepper plants.

show abstract

“…Beberapa peneliti telah melaporkan hasil penelitiannya tentang interaksi JMA dengan perkembangan penyakit tumbuhan, antara lain penurunan intensitas penyakit dan keparahan penyakit busuk akar pada tanaman buncis yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli (AlAskar & Rashad, 2010), pengurangan persentase gejala penuyakit pada akar oleh Gaeumannomyces graminis penyebab take-all disease (Vierheilig et al, 2008 penurunan infeksi oleh Phytophthora parasitica pada tomat (Pozo & Azcón-Aguilar, 2007), penurunan persentase infeksi akar oleh nematoda Pratylenchus penetrans serta populasi nematoda di dalam tanah dan akar (de la Pefia et al, 2006).…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

“…Penurunan tingkat keparahan ini diduga karena infeksi jamur mikoriza mampu mengaktifasi asam jasmonat dan metil jasmonat yang berperan dalam aktifasi signal ketahanan tanaman. Vierheilig et al (2008) melaporkan bahwa ada beberapa perubahan fisologi dan biokimiawi yang terjadi pada tanaman yang terinfeksi oleh mikoriza sehingga mampu melindungi tanaman dari infeksi patogen seperti: induksi enzim hidrolitik, akumulasi senyawa fitoaleksin dan kalose, akumulasi asam salisilat. Hempel et al (2009) juga melaporkan bahwa inokulasi JMA mampu menurunkan perkembangan populasi afid yang dapat berperan sebagai serangga vektor karena adanya senyawa fenolik yang dihasilkan oleh tanaman bermikoriza.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Peranan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular Terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Daun Keriting Kuning Cabai (The Role of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Disease Severity of Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Disease)

Imron

Suryanti

Sulandari

2017

JPTI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PENGANTARMikoriza (mycos = jamur, dan rhiza = akar) merupakan istilah yang dikemukakan pertama kali oleh Frank pada tahun 1885, yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu bentuk kerjasama yang bersifat simbiotik antara jamur dengan akar tanaman untuk membedakan dari jamur yang bersifat patogenik. Di dalam kerjasama ini terdapat keseimbangan metabolisme antara kedua organisme tersebut (Powel & Bagyaraj, 1984). Salah satu kelompok jamur mikoriza yang sudah banyak dipelajari dan dikembangkan adalah Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular (JMA). JMA memiliki ciri khas adanya arbuskul yang merupakan ujung hifa yang bercabang-cabang yang dibentuk di dalam sel korteks akar dan berperan dalam pertukaran nutrisi dengan tanaman inang, serta spora yang dibentuk dari hifa eksternal (Peterson et al., 2003). Penelitian tentang JMA telah banyak dilakukan, bahkan usaha untuk melakukan produksi masal juga sudah mulai dirintis. Hal ini terutama karena peranan JMA yang cukup besar dalam membantu meningkatkan kualitas tanaman.Dalam kaitannya dengan pengendalian hayati patogen tumbuhan JMA telah banyak dilaporkan terutama untuk penyaki tumbuhan yang disebabkan oleh patogen yang bersifat soil borne. Aplikasi JMA memiliki potensi besar untuk sistem pertanian dan dapat bermanfaat dalam produksi tanaman berkelanjutan, serta berkontribusi terhadap penurunan pengunaan pupuk kimia dan pestisida (Barr, 2008 INTISARIPenyakit daun keriting kuning cabai disebabkan Begomovirus merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada pertanaman cabai. Upaya pengendalian dengan menggunakan pestisida belum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular (JMA) dalam mengendalikan penyakit daun keriting kuning pada cabai. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menginokulasi bibit cabai menggunakan JMA dengan perlakuan T0= bibit tanpa inokulasi JMA, T1= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pembibitan, T2= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pindah tanam ke lahan pertanaman cabai, dan T3= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pembibitan dan pada saat pindah tanam ke lahan pertanaman cabai. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap satu minggu sekali dengan parameter pengamatan meliputi intensitas penyakit dan laju infeksi penyakit daun keriting kuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemunculan gejala penyakit daun keriting kuning cabai pada bibit yang diinokulasi dengan JMA lebih lambat dibandingkan bibit yang tidak diinokulasi dengan JMA.

show abstract

The Biocontrol Effect of Mycorrhization on Soilborne Fungal Pathogens and the Autoregulation of the AM Symbiosis: One Mechanism, Two Effects?

Cited by 63 publications

References 63 publications

The chemical inducer, BTH (benzothiadiazole) and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus spp.) trigger resistance against white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in sunflower

The chemical inducer, BTH (benzothiadiazole) and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus spp.) trigger resistance against white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in sunflower

EFFECT OF MYCORRHIZAE AND ACTINOMYCETES ON GROWTH AND BIOPROTECTION OF Capsicum annuum L. AGAINST Phytophthora capsici

Peranan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular Terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Daun Keriting Kuning Cabai (The Role of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Disease Severity of Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Disease)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About