The Binding of Crystal Violet by Isolated Bacterial Cell-wall Material

Wistreich, George A.; Bartholomew, J. W.

doi:10.1099/00221287-59-2-223

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Cell envelopes of gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria show similar binding of crystal violet (29). The uptake data presented in Concentration of GV added (paq,ml)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer Penetration Barrier of Escherichia coli K-12: Kinetics of the Uptake of Gentian Violet by Wild Type and Envelope Mutants

1973

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Wild-type strains of Escherichia coli K-12 adsorb gentian violet to the cell surface, but the dye is not transported into the cytoplasm. However, when some mutants that have an altered outer membrane are exposed to gentian violet, the dye is also found in the ribosomal fraction. The transport into the cytoplasm is inhibited at 0 C and requires that the concentration of gentian violet exceeds a threshold value. The initial rate of uptake as well as the amount of gentian violet found in the cytoplasm increases with the concentration of the dye in the medium. The rate of transport of the dye into the cytoplasm is much lower for stationary mutant cells than for exponentially growing cells. The rate of uptake into the cytoplasm increases with increasing deficiency of carbohydrate in the lipopolysaccharide (carbohydrate content lpsB > IpsA > galT). However, other components are also responsible for the barrier since an envA mutant which is not altered in the lipopolysaccharide carbohydrates show an extremely rapid uptake of the dye. The rate of uptake for the envA mutant was the highest found and the same as that of spheroplasts. Growth in the presence of agents affecting the murein sacculus, e.g., lysozyme and sublethal concentrations of penicillin, increased the rate of uptake of gentian violet. Brief treatments with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid drastically impaired the barrier function. Inhibition of protein synthesis by chloramphenicol also opened the barrier to gentian violet. In conclusion, the outer part of the bacterial envelope is a penetration barrier for gentian violet and probably also for other substances. The lipopolysaccharide, the murein and also other components are important for the function of this barrier. Resistance to gentian violet was found to be inversely correlated to the rate of penetration of the dye into the cytoplasm.

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“…Cell envelopes of gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria show similar binding of crystal violet (29). The uptake data presented in Concentration of GV added (paq,ml)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer Penetration Barrier of Escherichia coli K-12: Kinetics of the Uptake of Gentian Violet by Wild Type and Envelope Mutants

1973

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“…Durch Einwirkung der in der Gramfärbung verwendeten Reagenzien auf grampositive Bakterien wird 1 in den Räumen des Mureinsacculus dei Zellwand und darunter [4,5] Elektronenspektrum: Ethanol p.A. /max (e • 10~4).…”

Section: Hp "Ch3unclassified

Über den Farbstoff der Gramfärbung von Bakterien / On the Pigment of the Gram Staining of Bacteria

Lecea¹

1978

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung B

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Contribution of peptidoglycan to the binding of metal ions by the cell wall ofBacillus subtilis

Matthews

Doyle

Streips

1979

Current Microbiology

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The Binding of Crystal Violet by Isolated Bacterial Cell-wall Material

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Outer Penetration Barrier of Escherichia coli K-12: Kinetics of the Uptake of Gentian Violet by Wild Type and Envelope Mutants

Outer Penetration Barrier of Escherichia coli K-12: Kinetics of the Uptake of Gentian Violet by Wild Type and Envelope Mutants

Über den Farbstoff der Gramfärbung von Bakterien / On the Pigment of the Gram Staining of Bacteria

Contribution of peptidoglycan to the binding of metal ions by the cell wall ofBacillus subtilis

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