The “big red bull” in the esports room: Anti-doping, esports, and energy drinks

Frías, Francisco Javier López

doi:10.1016/j.peh.2021.100205

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Red Bull sponsors esports teams around the globe and even finances competitions. Although in isolation this may not be problematic, the heightened consumption of energy drinks may not only be problematic for health reasons but undermine anti-doping policies in general ( 68 ). Similarly, nootropic manufacturers (e.g., HOLY, LevlUp) or brain stimulation companies (e.g., halo, omnipemf) may soon start sponsoring esports teams to increase their public exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports

Friehs,

Klarkowski,

Frommel

et al. 2024

Front. Sports Act. Living

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AimsThis study aims to explore community perspectives on enhancer usage in competitive gaming and esports, focusing on the perception of fairness and concerns about various potential performance enhancers.MethodsWe conducted both qualitative and quantitative surveys to understand the competitive gaming community's opinions on different types of performance enhancers and their potential impact on esports. A thematic analysis was performed to identify key themes in how players rationalize their opinions.ConclusionsThe gaming community differentiates between potential performance enhancers based on how problematic they are for the esports scene, with the most concern surrounding hard drugs, pharmaceuticals, and brain stimulation interventions. Participants who are more invested in competitive gaming tend to be more sceptical of enhancers and express greater concerns. Four themes were identified in the thematic analysis: (1) risk, (2) morality, (3) enhancer effects, and (4) regulation. To increase acceptance and perceived legitimacy in decision-making, it is recommended that regulators engage a variety of stakeholders in transparent decision-making processes when forming tournament rules and regulations. This will help address the fragmented regulatory landscape and prevent potential differences in the perception of tournament winners based on the governing body supervising the competition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports

Friehs,

Klarkowski,

Frommel

et al. 2024

Front. Sports Act. Living

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show abstract

“…Therefore, besides the pH value, the liquid viscosity is very important because it directly influences the liquid absorption within RMGIC bulk. Red Bull TM is more viscous than the artificial saliva and Coca-Cola TM due to a large number of dissolved vitamins [ 34 , 35 ], respectively it has a lower penetration potential and in consequence, it is an explanation why it assures the best SBS value of the RMGIC sample. The fact requires more investigation on the sample liquid absorption and solubility which is the subject of a further article.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acidic Environments on Dental Structures after Bracket Debonding

Iosif

Cuc

Prodan

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Brackets are metallic dental devices that are very often associated with acidic soft drinks such as cola and energy drinks. Acid erosion may affect the bonding between brackets and the enamel surface. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of brackets’ adhesion, in the presence of two different commercially available drinks. Sixty human teeth were divided into six groups and bonded with either resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) or resin composite (CR). A shared bond test (SBS) was evaluated by comparing two control groups with four other categories, in which teeth were immersed in either Coca-ColaTM or Red BullTM energy drink. The debonding between the bracket and enamel was evaluated by SEM. The morphological aspect correlated with SBS results showed the best results for the samples exposed to artificial saliva. The best adhesion resistance to the acid erosion environment was observed in the group of teeth immersed in Red BullTM and with brackets bonded with RMGIC. The debonded structures were also exposed to Coca-ColaTM and Red BullTM to assess, by atomic force microscopy investigation (AFM), the erosive effect on the enamel surface after debonding and after polishing restoration. The results showed a significant increase in surface roughness due to acid erosion. Polishing restoration of the enamel surface significantly reduced the surface roughness that resulted after debonding, and inhibited acid erosion. The roughness values obtained from polished samples after exposure to Coca-ColaTM and Red BullTM were significantly lower in that case than for the debonded structures. Statistical results evaluating roughness showed that Red BullTM has a more erosive effect than Coca-Cola™. This result is supported by the large contact surface that resulted after debonding. In conclusion, the prolonged exposure of the brackets to acidic drinks affected the bonding strength due to erosion propagation into both the enamel–adhesive interface and the bonding layer. The best resistance to acid erosion was obtained by RMGIC.

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Moral adherence enhancement and the case of long-distance space missions

Huttunen

Sivula

2023

Technology in Society

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The “big red bull” in the esports room: Anti-doping, esports, and energy drinks

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports

Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports

Effects of Acidic Environments on Dental Structures after Bracket Debonding

Moral adherence enhancement and the case of long-distance space missions

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