The bidirectional effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats

Yu, Dafu; Zhou, Haoming; Yang, Yunhu; Jiang, Yijiao; Wang, Tianchao; Lv, Liang; Zhou, Qi-Xin; Yang, Yuexiong; Dong, Xuexian; He, Jianfeng; Huang, Xiaoyan; Chen, Ji‐Jun; Wu, Kunhua; Xu, Lin; Mao, Rong-Rong

doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.01.003

Cited by 61 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The adult BRO animals presented higher anxiety levels when treated at PN1-10 (Carvalho et al, 2016) and hypothyroidism is linked to an increase of anxiety (Yu et al, 2015;Ittermann et al, 2015). Despite the alterations in thyroid function shown here and the alterations in the dopaminergic pathway evidenced by Carvalho et al (2016), the locomotor activity evaluated in open field test was not changed in BRO animals treated in either period.…”

Section: Effect Of Bro-treatment On the Hpt Axismentioning

confidence: 58%

Effects of postnatal bromocriptine injection on thyroid function and prolactinemia of rats at adulthood

et al. 2016

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Section: Effect Of Bro-treatment On the Hpt Axismentioning

confidence: 58%

Effects of postnatal bromocriptine injection on thyroid function and prolactinemia of rats at adulthood

et al. 2016

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“…Additionally, Ge et al (27) reported reduction in swimming time in both clinical and subclinical hypothyroid rats. In contrast, Yu et al (30) and da Conceicao et al (31) reported decreased immobility time in adult rats with hypothyroidism. As there is a paucity of research evaluating depression-like behavior in juvenile rats with hypothyroidism, we were not able to compare our findings with other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Congenital and Postnatal Hypothyroidism on Depression-Like Behaviors in Juvenile Rats

Erdoğan

Özgür²,

Aksu³

et al. 2016

Jcrpe

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Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate depression-like behaviors of juvenile rats with congenital and postnatal hypothyroidism.Methods:Twenty-seven newborn rat pups were used. First, 6-month-old Wistar Albino female rats were impregnated. Methimazole (0.025% wt/vol) was given to dam rats from the first day of pregnancy until postnatal 21 days (P21) to generate pups with congenital hypothyroidism (n=8), whereas in the postnatal hypothyroidism group (n=10), methimazole was given from P0 to P21. In the control group (n=9), dam rats were fed ad libitum and normal tap water. Offspring were fed with breast milk from their mothers. The behavioral parameters were measured with the juvenile forced swimming test (JFST). The procedure of JFST consisted of two sessions in two consecutive days: the 15-minute pre-test on day 1 and the 5-minute test on day 2.Results:Increased immobility and decreased climbing duration were observed in both congenital and postnatal hypothyroidism groups. Decreased swimming duration was detected in the postnatal hypothyroidism group. Both hypothyroidism groups had a lower body weight gain compared with the control group, while the congenital hypothyroidism group had the lowest body weight.Conclusion:Our results showed that hypothyroidism had negative effects on depression-like behavior as well as on growth and development. Both congenital and postnatal hypothyroidism caused an increase in immobility time in JFST. New studies are required to understand the differing results on depression-like behavior between congenital and postnatal hypothyroidism.

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“…Studies in animals largely confirm the occurrence of increased anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rodent models of hypothyroidism (Darbra et al, 2003; Ge et al, 2014; Yu et al, 2015). These abnormal behaviors are observed in mice with a hypofunctional thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 (Buras et al, 2014), and are normalized with T3 treatment (Venero et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Decreased anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and hyperactivity in a type 3 deiodinase-deficient mouse showing brain thyrotoxicosis and peripheral hypothyroidism

Stohn

Martı́nez

Hernández

2016

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Hypo- and hyperthyroid states, as well as functional abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis have been associated with psychiatric conditions like anxiety and depression. However, the nature of this relationship is poorly understood since it is difficult to ascertain the thyroid status of the brain in humans. Data from animal models indicate that the brain exhibits efficient homeostatic mechanisms that maintain local levels of the active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3) within a narrow range. To better understand the consequences of peripheral and central thyroid status for mood-related behaviors, we used a mouse model of type 3 deiodinase (DIO3) deficiency (Dio3 −/− mouse). This enzyme inactivates thyroid hormone and is highly expressed in the adult central nervous system. Adult Dio3 −/− mice exhibit elevated levels of T3-dependent gene expression in the brain, despite peripheral hypothyroidism as indicated by low circulating levels of thyroxine and T3. Dio3 −/− mice of both sexes exhibit hyperactivity and significantly decreased anxiety-like behavior, as measured by longer time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and in the light area of the light/dark box. During the tail suspension, they stayed immobile for a significantly shorter time than their wild-type littermates, suggesting decreased depression-like behavior. These results indicate that increased thyroid hormone in the brain, not necessarily in peripheral tissues, correlates with hyperactivity and with decreases in anxiety and depression-like behaviors. Our results also underscore the importance of DIO3 as a determinant of behavior by locally regulating the brain levels of thyroid hormone.

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The bidirectional effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats

Cited by 61 publications

References 70 publications

Effects of postnatal bromocriptine injection on thyroid function and prolactinemia of rats at adulthood

Effects of postnatal bromocriptine injection on thyroid function and prolactinemia of rats at adulthood

The Effect of Congenital and Postnatal Hypothyroidism on Depression-Like Behaviors in Juvenile Rats

Decreased anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and hyperactivity in a type 3 deiodinase-deficient mouse showing brain thyrotoxicosis and peripheral hypothyroidism

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