The biaxial drawing behaviour of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Matthews, R. G.; Duckett, R. A.; Ward, I. M.; Jones, D.P.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00004-3

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Some have ignored the problem altogether and have approximated the polymer response as wholly viscous (G 'Sell and Jonas, 1979;Chevalier and Marco, 2007) or wholly elastic but with rate and temperature-dependent parameters (Sweeney et al 1995;Matthews et al 1997). While it is possible to fit experimental data for a given monotonic strain sequence in this way, it is clearly impossible to capture an arbitrary deformation history with such approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the modelling of highly elastic flows of amorphous thermoplastics

Figiel

Buckley

2009

International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

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International audienceTwo approaches to the kinematic structuring of constitutive models for highly elastic flows of polymer melts have been examined systematically, assuming either: (1) additivity of elastic and viscous velocity gradients, or (2) multiplicability of elastic and viscous deformation gradients. A series of constitutive models was compared, with differing kinematic structure but the same linear responses in elastic and viscous limits. They were solved numerically and their predictions compared, and they were also compared to those of the Giesekus model. Several variants, previously proposed as separate models, are shown to be equivalent and qualitatively in agreement with experiment, and therefore a sound basis for construction of models. But the assignment of viscous spin is critical: if it is assumed equal to the total spin with approach (1), or equal to zero with approach (2), then unphysical viscoelastic behaviour is predicted

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the modelling of highly elastic flows of amorphous thermoplastics

Figiel

Buckley

2009

International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

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“…In fact, orientation of polymers enhances many of their properties [1][2][3][4][5], particularly mechanical, impact, barrier and optical. Biaxial orientation has the added advantage of allowing this enhancement in both directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biaxial orientation in HDPE films: comparison of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray pole figures and birefringence techniques

Ajji¹,

Zhang²,

Elkoun³

2005

Polymer

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“…It is known that, in practices, the moment vectors are not confined to the plane of the film and, moreover, there is a distribution of orientations. Nevertheless, since Equation (2) assumes symmetry around a reference direction, it should fit the experimental data with an equivalent angle Figure 1 shows the DRs obtained for HDPE/LLDPE film with stretching ratios of 3 and 6 and the correspondent fittings by using Equation (2). In Figure 1b the fitting to experimental data is very good whereas for in sample with stretching ratio 3 ( Figure 1b) there are points that clearly deviate from the fit curve, mainly at the maxima and minima.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The angle 0 o corresponds to the stretching direction. The fitting was done by using Equation (2). The values of are shown in the graphs.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the crystal orientation in mono-oriented films of HDPE/LLDPE blends by IR dichroism

Canevarolo¹,

Elias²,

Ravazzi³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Polyethylene films are a common packaging material. The level and type of chain orientation in these films are a very important property which is of great care and concern of the converter personnel during the conformation process. Usually bi-orientation is the conventional procedure but when easy tear in one direction is needed mono-orientation is sought. This paper deal with the characterization of the crystalline orientation in films of polyethylene blends (HDPE/LLDPE) which have being oriented in two steps: initially the polymer was bi-oriented via extrusion-blown, cooled, and then in a second process hot stretched along the machine direction in order to produce mono-oriented films. In order to evaluate the orientation of the film, the polarization of the FT-IR beam was rotated 360º in steps of 5º by rotating the polarizer. In each step the absorbance spectrum was recorded and the corresponding dichroic ratio (DR) calculated after subtracting the baseline. With differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was possible to infer about the changes in the morphology caused by the stretching.

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The biaxial drawing behaviour of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

On the modelling of highly elastic flows of amorphous thermoplastics

On the modelling of highly elastic flows of amorphous thermoplastics

Biaxial orientation in HDPE films: comparison of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray pole figures and birefringence techniques

Characterization of the crystal orientation in mono-oriented films of HDPE/LLDPE blends by IR dichroism

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