The Beyond the Books Program: Improving Medical Student Attitudes Toward the Underserved

Briggs, Aaron; Wang, Stephen Y; Bhowmik, Subasish; Wasag, Jacob; Pinto-Powell, Roshini

doi:10.1089/heq.2018.0015

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A total of 24 articles assessed the effectiveness of educational interventions [ 20 , 21 , 31 , 36 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 46 – 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 55 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 65 , 69 , 70 , 72 , 75 – 77 ]. Twenty were US studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirteen were controlled-group studies [ 20 , 21 , 36 , 37 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 60 , 61 , 59 , 70 , 72 ], among which two were randomized [ 46 , 60 ]. Five main types of educational interventions were evaluated: global curriculum dedicated to social accountability [ 20 , 21 , 36 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 60 , 61 , 72 , 77 ]; experiential community-based learning [ 37 , 41 , 70 ]; volunteering in student-run free clinics [ 55 , 58 , 69 , 76 ], traditional didactic learning ,, [ 31 , 39 , 65 ] and online curriculum [ 75 ]. Experiential community-based learning and global curricula showed the greatest positive impact on MS-ATU, whereas volunteering in student-run free clinics and traditional learning showed inconsistent results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medical students attitudes toward and intention to work with the underserved: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Experts in the field of medical education emphasized the need for curricula that improve students’ attitudes toward the underserved. However, some studies have shown that medical education tends to worsen these attitudes in students. We aimed at systematically reviewing the literature assessing the change in medical students’ attitudes toward the underserved and intention to work with the underserved throughout medical education, the sociodemographic and educational factors associated with favorable medical student attitudes toward and/or intention to work with the underserved and the effectiveness of educational interventions to improve medical student attitudes toward and/or intention to work with the underserved. Method We conducted a systematic review on MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Three investigators independently conducted the electronic search. We assessed the change in medical students attitudes toward the underserved by computing a weighted mean effect size of studies reporting scores from validated scales. The research team performed a meta-analysis for the sociodemographic and educational factors associated with medical students attitudes toward and/or intention to work with the underserved. Results Fifty-five articles met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 109,647 medical students. The average response rate was 73.2%. Most of the studies were performed in the USA (n = 45). We observed a significant decline of medical students attitudes toward the underserved throughout medical education, in both US and non-US studies. A moderate effect size was observed between the first and fourth years (d = 0.51). Higher favorable medical students attitudes toward or intention to work with the underserved were significantly associated with female gender, being from an underserved community or ethnic minority, exposure to the underserved during medical education and intent to practice in primary care. Regarding educational interventions, the effectiveness of experiential community-based learning and curricula dedicated to social accountability showed the most positive outcome. Conclusions Medical students attitudes toward the underserved decline throughout medical education. Educational interventions dedicated to improving the attitudes or intentions of medical students show encouraging but mixed results. The generalizability of our results is impeded by the high number of studies from the global-North included in the review.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical students attitudes toward and intention to work with the underserved: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Many studies have shown that service activities are correlated with higher levels of empathy, better understanding of community needs, and an increased belief that physicians have a responsibility to provide medical care for the needy [11][12][13][14][15]. Additionally, when studies specifically compare groups of students who participate in some type of community service to those that do not, results suggest that attitudes towards the underserved are consistently better in service groups [16][17][18][19]. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education has recognized the potential positive implications of service-learning and has added a mandate to their standards that medical schools "provide sufficient opportunities for, encourage, and support medical student participation in service-learning and/or community service activities" [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Required Longitudinal Service-Learning and Its Effects on Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward the Underserved

et al. 2021

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Although medical students enter medicine with altruistic motives and seek to serve indigent populations, studies show that medical students’ attitudes towards the undeserved tend to worsen significantly as they go through their medical education. This finding emphasizes the need for medical educators to implement activities such as service-learning that may help mitigate this negative trend.All students at the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) School of Medicine are required to participate in longitudinal service-learning throughout medical school, and a majority of students interact with the underserved at their service-learning sites. Using the previously validated Medical Student Attitudes Towards the Underserved (MSATU), independent sample T-tests showed that students who interact with underserved populations at their sites scored with significantly better attitudes towards the underserved at the end of their preclinical phase. Subjects included 58 medical students with 100% taking the MSATU. This result indicates that longitudinal service-learning, particularly when it includes interaction with the underserved, can be one method to combat the worsening of medical students’ attitudes as they complete their medical education.

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“…This finding may reflect their own perception of vulnerability and social instability or their previous experience with different governmental authorities, which increased their sensitivity towards disenfranchised populations [22]. In contrast, medical students who do not belong to minority groups or those who have limited contact with migrants from privileged backgrounds may not fully understand the needs of the vulnerable population [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of Israeli medical students towards the medical treatment of uninsured migrants

2020

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Background: Undocumented migration to developed countries poses practical concerns, as migrants are not medically insured. This cross-sectional study aims to appraise the attitudes of Israeli medical students towards the uninsured migrant population. Methods: Participants from five medical schools in Israel completed anonymous questionnaires in Hebrew, based on the "Medical Students' Attitudes Toward the Underserved" (MSATU), which assessed students' attitudes regarding the professional responsibility and societal expectations towards the migrants. It also evaluated students' views of the migrants as eligible for expensive medical procedures. Results: A total of 891 students completed the survey with a median age of 28 years. The majority were Jews (N = 816, 91.6%) and singles (N = 681, 68.5%). Participants in the pre-clinical years were likely to be female and unmarried compared to those in clinical training. They also demonstrated higher scores on professional responsibilities and societal expectations than students in clinical training, but no significant differences were found in their views on expensive medical services. Students of minorities (non-Jews and migrants) scored higher on professional responsibilities and societal expectations. The scores for professional responsibilities and societal expectations decreased as students progressed in their medical training (Spearman coefficient p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). This trend was more apparent in males rather than females. Conclusion: MSATU scores declined as students progressed through medical school, with females maintaining more favorable attitudes than males. Medical schools should attempt to maintain the enthusiasm and idealism that students possess as they enter medical training and provide clinical experience with migrant populations that allows for cross-cultural communication.

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The Beyond the Books Program: Improving Medical Student Attitudes Toward the Underserved

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Medical students attitudes toward and intention to work with the underserved: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Medical students attitudes toward and intention to work with the underserved: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Required Longitudinal Service-Learning and Its Effects on Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward the Underserved

Attitudes of Israeli medical students towards the medical treatment of uninsured migrants

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