The benthic macrofauna from the Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Kronsmoor (northern Germany, Saturn quarry): taxonomic outline and palaeoecologic implications

Engelke, Julia; Esser, Klaus J.K.; Linnert, Christian; Mutterlose, Jörg; Wilmsen, Markus

doi:10.1515/agp-2016-0036

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Palaega carteri or Cardiaster granulosus). However, such a predominance of epibenthic taxa in macrobenthic offshore assemblages from Upper Cretaceous chalks has also been demonstrated by Engelke et al (2016), without any palaeoecological (Engelke et al 2017) or geochemical (Engelke et al 2018) evidence for oxygen restriction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The early Cenomanian crippsi Event at Lüneburg (Germany): palaeontological and stratigraphical significance of a widespread Late Cretaceous bioevent

Wilmsen¹,

Schumacher²,

Niebuhr³

2021

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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The early Cenomanian crippsi Event comprises a 1–3-m-thick interval characterised by mass occurrences of the early Cenomanian inoceramid Gnesioceramus crippsi, identified in the uppermost Sharpeiceras schlueteri Subzone (lower lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras mantelli Zone), below an interregional sequence boundary (SB Ce 1). At Lüneburg, the event is characterised by densely packed, very large, disc-like valves of G. crippsi. Taphonomy as well as bio- and microfacies suggest an event formation in a deeper shelf setting below the storm-wave base as primary biogenic concentration, the inoceramids living as recumbent forms on a soft substrate in dense populations. When tracked between basins, the stratigraphic pattern of the crippsi Event suggests a moderately prolonged phase (< 100 kyr) of increased shell production with rapid deposition aiding in preserving the shell-rich event strata. Towards the basin margins, it grades into storm wave-reworked bioclastic concentrations. The crippsi Event formed by an interregional population bloom and provides, as an proliferation epibole, an important marker for intra- and interbasinal correlation. The first record of G. mowriensis within the crippsi Event at Lüneburg, hitherto endemic to the US Western Interior Seaway, and the occurrence of the ammonite Metengonoceras teigenense, likewise an endemic North American faunal element, from the level of the crippsi Event in northern France indicate faunal exchange between the New and Old worlds during the early Cenomanian. This faunal dispersal and contemporaneous occurrence of warm-water biofacies in Western Europe during the early Cenomanian is explained by the existence of a perpetual NE-directed current transporting warm surface waters from the Gulf of Mexico towards Europe. The occurrence of short-lived M. teigenense in France allows for the calibration of the uppermost schlueteri Subzone of the mantelli Zone in Europe to the lowermost Neogastroplites muelleri Zone in North America and to assign an age of ~ 98.6–98.7 Ma to the crippsi Event.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The early Cenomanian crippsi Event at Lüneburg (Germany): palaeontological and stratigraphical significance of a widespread Late Cretaceous bioevent

Wilmsen¹,

Schumacher²,

Niebuhr³

2021

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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“…These shallow infaunal deposit feeding holasteroids (e.g. Engelke et al 2016) formed 'benthic islands' on the seabed that were colonised post-mortem by both encrusters and borers. Nebelsick et al (1997) noted that encrustation of dead echinoid tests, although they are less robust than mollusc shells, is rather common in the fossil record.…”

Section: Chalk Hard Substrate Colonisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colony growth strategies, dormancy and repair in some Late Cretaceous encrusting bryozoans: insights into the ecology of the Chalk seabed

Taylor

Martino

Martha

2018

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Bryozoans are among the most common macrofossils in the Late Cretaceous Chalk. They include many species that encrusted hard substrates, notably echinoid tests, forming habitat islands on the Chalk seabed. The growth strategies adopted by these bryozoans, as well as the occurrence of reparative structures, provides evidence of the conditions experienced by bryozoans and other benthic animals during the accumulation of this unique pelagic sediment deposited over large areas of the continental shelf. Here, we use historical material in the Natural History Museum, London, to provide qualitative evidence that whereas available substrates, including irregular echinoids, were long-lasting, most individual bryozoan colonies were probably short-lived. Some cheilostome species produced heavily calcified polymorphic zooids at the outer edges of the colony that persisted after loss of the feeding autozooids and became the source of regenerative colony growth. Short-term (possibly annual) periodicity is suggested in the benthic environment experienced by encrusting bryozoans, which may have possibly been a result of cyclical variations in dinoflagellate food supply and/or swamping by unpalatable and potentially poisonous coccolithospheres.

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“…Inoceramids lived as epifaunal suspension feeders, either free-living or bysally attached. Rhynchonelliformean brachiopods, in contrast, are rather rare and often restricted to specific levels, mainly in the Lower Maastrichtian of the white chalks of the Kronsmoor Formation (Kronsmoor section; see Engelke et al 2016 for details). They were epifaunal suspension feeders that have been attached by their pedicle to (secondary) hard substrates, at least during their juvenile stages.…”

Section: Macrofossil Distribution and Taphonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution Campanian–Maastrichtian carbon and oxygen stable isotopes of bulk-rock and skeletal components: palaeoceanographic and palaeoenvironmental implications for the Boreal shelf sea

Wilmsen

Niebuhr

2017

Acta Geologica Polonica

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ABSTRACT:Wilmsen, M. and Niebuhr, B. 2017. High-resolution Campanian-Maastrichtian carbon and oxygen stable isotopes of bulk-rock and skeletal components: palaeoceanographic and palaeoenvironmental implications for the Boreal shelf sea. Acta Geologica Polonica, 67 (1), 47-74. Warszawa.A high-resolution latest Early Campanian to Early Maastrichtian carbon and oxygen stable isotope record from the northern German Boreal shelf sea based on 537 analyses of co-occurring belemnites, brachiopods, inoceramids, oysters, and bulk rock samples is presented. All samples are precisely related to their stratigraphic, systematic and facies backgrounds and form an integrated, nearly 10-myr-long dataset with considerable palaeoenvironmental and palaeoceanographical implications. Petrographic studies indicate that low-magnesium calcitic coccoliths and calcispheres (i.e., planktic carbonate) predominate the bulk-rock data (marl-limestone rhythmites and chalks), thus representing a sea-surface water signal, and that only minor diagenetic alteration of the carbonate muds took place. Based on TL and CL microscopy, the investigated belemnites are extraordinarily well preserved, which may in part be explained by their early diagenetic surficial silicification (container effect), while the other macroinvertebrate groups are all less well preserved. The (plankton-dominated) d O signal of ambient seawater (12 ± 2°C). In the absence of any indication for migration from cooler water masses and evidence for authochtonous populations we assume that the belemnites of the genera Belemnitella and Belemnella lived as nektobenthos near the sea-floor and thus record the temperature of the bottom mixed layer of the seasonally weakly stratified north German shelf sea at water depths of 100 to 150 m; the temperature gradient was thus 12.5-18.75 m/1°C. A conspicuous latest Campanian cooling event is evident in both sea-surface and bottom-water temperatures. The d 18O values of nearly all investigated benthic fossils lie between the isotope values of pristine belemnites and bulk rock, and, therefore, should be used for palaeotemperature reconstructions only with great care.

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The benthic macrofauna from the Lower Maastrichtian chalk of Kronsmoor (northern Germany, Saturn quarry): taxonomic outline and palaeoecologic implications

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

The early Cenomanian crippsi Event at Lüneburg (Germany): palaeontological and stratigraphical significance of a widespread Late Cretaceous bioevent

The early Cenomanian crippsi Event at Lüneburg (Germany): palaeontological and stratigraphical significance of a widespread Late Cretaceous bioevent

Colony growth strategies, dormancy and repair in some Late Cretaceous encrusting bryozoans: insights into the ecology of the Chalk seabed

High-resolution Campanian–Maastrichtian carbon and oxygen stable isotopes of bulk-rock and skeletal components: palaeoceanographic and palaeoenvironmental implications for the Boreal shelf sea

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