The beneficial effect of ginsenosides extracted by pulsed electric field against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in HEK-293 cells

Abstract

BackgroundGinsenosides are the main pharmacological components of Panax ginseng root, which are thought to be primarily responsible for the suppressing effect on oxidative stress.Methods2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorption capacity were applied to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the ginsenosides. Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells were incubated with ginsenosides extracted by pulsed electric field (PEF) and solvent cold soak extraction (SCSE) for 24 h and then the injury was induced by 40μM H2O2. The cell viability and surface morphology of HEK-293 cells were studied using MTS assay and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate fluorescent probe assay was used to measure the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species. The intracellular antioxidant activities of ginsenosides were evaluated by cellular antioxidant activity assay in HepG2 cells.ResultsThe PEF extracts displayed the higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and stronger oxygen radical absorption capacity (with an oxygen radical absorption capacity value of 14.48 ± 4.04μM TE per μg/mL). The HEK-293 cell model also suggested that the protective effect of PEF extracts was dose-dependently greater than SCSE extracts. Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay further proved that PEF extracts are more active (8% higher than SCSE extracts) in reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation. In addition, scanning electron microscopy images showed that the HEK-293 cells, which were treated with PEF extracts, maintained more intact surface morphology. Cellular antioxidant activity values indicated that ginsenosides extracted by PEF had stronger cellular antioxidant activity than SCSE ginsenosides extracts.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated the antioxidative effect of ginsenosides extracted by PEF in vitro. Furthermore, rather than SCSE, PEF may be more useful as an alternative extraction technique for the extraction of ginsenosides with enhanced antioxidant activity.

Reduced nitrogen supply enhances the cellular antioxidant potential of phenolic extracts through alteration of the phenolic composition in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

“…A). A similar decrease in cell viability after exposure to H 2 O 2 was observed in HEK‐293, HepG2 and SW872 cells . Additionally, the damage to Caco‐2 cells by other factors, such as ethyl carbamate, ethanol and acrylamide, was mainly due to excess ROS generation .…”

“…A similar decrease in cell viability after exposure to H 2 O 2 was observed in HEK-293, HepG2 and SW872 cells. 34,35 Additionally, the damage to Caco-2 cells by other factors, such as ethyl carbamate, ethanol and acrylamide, was mainly due to excess ROS generation. 22,27,33 Natural antioxidants could effectively scavenge the excess ROS and subsequently protect the cells from oxidative stress.…”

Anti-Wrinkling and Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Pradosia mutisii Methanol Extract

“…Free radicals can lead to skin aging and cancer if they accumulate over long periods of time [ 44 ]. It is known that free-radical-generated oxidative stress and damage can compromise cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism [ 45 , 46 ]. Consistent with previous reports [ 47 , 48 ], we also found that UVB irradiation induced cellular damage in HaCaT cells.…”

Individual and combined use of ginsenoside F2 and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside attenuates H2O2-induced apoptosis in HEK-293 cells via the NF-κB pathway

“…In this study, 400 mM of H 2 O 2 and 6 h of incubating time were used to establish the H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis model of HEK-293 cells according to our previous studies. 31,32 The leakage of LDH was used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of F2, C3G and their combination on H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity. As shown in Fig.…”

“…29,30 Its metabolic conditions are more related to normal human cells compared with tumor cell. 31 It has been demonstrated to maintain important renal-specic properties and been used as cellular models of apoptosis, these was belong to its epithelial morphology. 29,32,33 Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) has been extensively used to induce apoptosis in vitro models.…”