The beginning of life of a new human being from the scientific biological perspective and its bioethical implications

Ventura-Juncá, Patricio; Santos, Manuel J.

doi:10.4067/s0716-97602011000200013

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…DSJUOG beings. [29][30][31] From the semantic point of view although every cell of the human body can be considered as life, like for example human placenta, but human life could not be considered as equivalent for a human being. Therefore it is mandatory to make a clear distinction between vegetative human life and "potential individual human life".…”

Section: Definition Of "Life"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beginning of Human Life: Doubts and Controversies

Stanojević¹,

Barišić²

2018

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The beginning of human life and the whole mystery about it has fascinated people from time immemorial. It has been the subject of various scientific researches and religious debates. Different views on "the beginning" and distinct definitions are peculiar from individual to individual, in diverse countries, cultures, and religions. Substantial progress has been made so far that philosophers, scientists, ethicists, sociologists, and theologies are closer and closer to achieve some consensus, realizing that most of their views can be seen as complementary and do not exclude each other. Evaluating the process of development of human life, we can surely say that at some point there is the beginning and the end. Pointing out exact moments in time remains unascertained. Scientifically, from the biological standpoint, there are several moments which are more or less equally important and are rather seen as a continuous dynamic process that develops fluently.

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Section: Definition Of "Life"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beginning of Human Life: Doubts and Controversies

Stanojević¹,

Barišić²

2018

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…La biología ha demostrado que un nuevo organismo humano comienza con la fecundación. Por eso, el debate es más filosófico que científico, pues se refiere a si el ser humano en esta etapa de desarrollo es moralmente relevante y posee el derecho a la inviolabilidad de su vida como en etapas posteriores 13 . Hoy, emergen nuevos problemas éticos relevantes comunes a todas la CM relacionados especialmente con el traspaso de los estudios preclínicos a la clínica 14 .…”

Section: El Debate Bioéticounclassified

Turismo con células madre y requisitos para su uso clínico: desafíos bioéticos más allá del embrión

2013

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puc.cl E n la medicina del siglo 21 existe la esperanza de que el avance en la investigación y uso clínico de la células madre (CM) produzca un progreso extraordinario en el tratamiento de enfermedades incurables o en que éste es complejo e insuficiente. El trasplante con CM pretende resolver la patología involucrada mediante la regeneraciónde los tejidos dañados. Enfermedades neurodegenerativas como el Alzheimer (EA), el Parkinson (EP) y la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) y otras como la diabetes, cáncer, infarto cardíaco y enfermedades inmunológicas están en la primera línea de ésta expectativa 1 . Existen varios tipos de CM, todas caracterizadas por su capacidad de auto regeneración, potencial de diferenciación y de regenerar tejidos 1 . Se diferencian por su origen y el diverso grado que tienen en las características mencionadas. Células madre embrionarias (pluripotentes) (CME)Fueron descubiertas en 1981 por Evansy Martin que, lograron aislar y cultivar in vitro las células pluripotenciales del macizo celular interno del blastocisto de ratón 2,3 . Significó un hito histórico para la comprensión del desarrollo de la homeostasis tisular y de la medicina regenerativa (MR). Se distinguen por su capacidad de autoreplicarse indefinidamente manteniendo su carácter pluripotencial pudiéndose diferenciar en las tres capas embrionarias de las cuales se desarrollan todos los tejidos del organismo. Su capacidad regenerativa ha sido probada en estudios preclínicos in vitro y en animales. El traspaso a estudios clínicos no ha podido concretarse por problemas de seguridad no resueltos como es el caso de producción de tumores. A esto se agrega la grave objeción ética

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“…However, the ontogenetic stage, moment and conditions for a biotic process to be a human being is and endless debate. From Philosophical Ethics or Moral, Bioethics or Medical Ethics no consistent and conclusive solution has been proposed [6][7]. It is time for us to ask whether this subject can be solved by these disciplines founded in the human rationality, intellectuality or beliefs.…”

Section: Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

The Ontogenetic Origin of Human Beings in the Scientific-Ethics Perspective and its Implications on Abortion

Valenzuela¹

2013

J Clinic Res Bioeth

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Abortion implies legacy, ethics, moral, religious, theological and political considerations and consequences. Abortion implies two main actions: 1) interruption of pregnancy with fetus nonviable ex-uterus or 2) killing the embryo or fetus. The intention to kill the human conception is a necessary condition for being an abortion. However, at what stage the zygote, embryo or fetus is an individual of the Homo sapiens species as to decide that action was an abortion? We have two contradictory positions: 1) the scientific or ontic position establishing that endogenous processes and conditions determine humans; 2) the conventional or gnosic position believing that this determination is an exogenous deliberation from religious, ideological or legal assumptions. Scientific Ethics (Sc-Et, a new form of Ethics) assumes the ontic position. For Sc-Et humans and any living being begin its individual existence due to specific endogenous matter-energy processes regardless human conventions. We, humans should study these processes and allow them to convince us on their specificities. Sc-Et accepts the process of cosmic and organic evolution and uses all kinds of demonstrations to establish its notions and definitions. For Sc-Et the process of evolution generated humans and their ethics and culture; it is not the human thinking that generates evolution. For Sc-Et, humans are individuals of Homo sapiens species that begin as an individual as any living being begins as an individual of their respective species. The phylo-ontogenetic process auto-define endogenously (from within) the beginning of H sapiens at the zygote stage. This viewpoint disagrees with most conventional religious, ethical and law positions which may lack of reality. Several conventional propositions on the ontogenetic origin of H sapiens are refuted showing that the present ethical, bioethical, law, religious or ideological approaches to this subject are often contradictory and show rather a picture of cultural schizophrenia.

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The beginning of life of a new human being from the scientific biological perspective and its bioethical implications

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Beginning of Human Life: Doubts and Controversies

Beginning of Human Life: Doubts and Controversies

Turismo con células madre y requisitos para su uso clínico: desafíos bioéticos más allá del embrión

The Ontogenetic Origin of Human Beings in the Scientific-Ethics Perspective and its Implications on Abortion

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