The beat-to-beat relationship between pulse transit time and systolic blood pressure

Poon, Chi‐Sang; Zhang, Yuan-Ting; Wong, Grace Lai Hung; Poon, Wai Sang

doi:10.1109/itab.2008.4570616

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…11 It can be seen that the G in (7) only depends on the changes of R and P. However, the G in (5) depends on other factors beside R and P, such as age and gender. This implies that the G in (5) and (7) have different connotations and perhaps it is improper to obtain model (4) by canceling G in the intermediate steps.…”

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The model coefficients are identified by individual calibration. 1,3,4,6,7,[9][10][11][12]15 Theoretical modeling of the relationship between BP and PTT/PWV is a crucial part in the methodology above. So far, the proposed theoretical models fall into two categories: linear models and nonlinear models.…”

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Some researchers considered the nonlinearity of the elastic property of the vascular wall and established two typical non-linear models. 4,6,[9][10][11] …”

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting (6) into (5) arrives at the conclusion in (3). 11 On the other hand, the change of p is considered as the change of SBP or DBP.…”

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Continuous and Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement: A Novel Modeling Methodology of the Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity

et al. 2009

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In this paper, we aim to establish a new mathematical model that relates pulse wave velocity (PWV) to blood pressure (BP) for continuous and noninvasive BP measurement. For the first time, we derive an ordinary differential equation (ODE) expressing the fundamental relation between BP, elastic modulus G and PWV. The general solution of this ODE is the mathematical BP-PWV model. In our model, the elastic modulus G is included in model parameters, unlike the existing theoretical models. This enables us to express the BP-PWV relationship for subjects of different ages and genders. A family of BP-PWV functions for specific age and gender groups can be obtained using statistical methods based on clinical trial data, which serve as the calibrated benchmark models for continuous and noninvasive BP measurement. To illustrate the modeling methodology, we construct benchmark models for people aged 19 and 60 and apply them to continuous diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurement without individual calibration. The results of clinical tests meet the test standard in ANSI/AAMI SP10, which attests the feasibility of the modeling methodology.

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Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Some researchers considered the nonlinearity of the elastic property of the vascular wall and established two typical non-linear models. 4,6,[9][10][11] …”

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting (6) into (5) arrives at the conclusion in (3). 11 On the other hand, the change of p is considered as the change of SBP or DBP.…”

Section: Current Status Of Bp Measurement Based On Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Continuous and Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement: A Novel Modeling Methodology of the Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity

et al. 2009

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“…5 After this period, which is usually of the order of minutes, the BP needs to be measured again. 6,7 The time between subsequent BP measurements is known as the calibration interval. This calibration is required because of the assumptions made in the derivation of the algorithm that calculates BP from the PTT measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of calibration intervals required for accurately tracking blood pressure using pulse transit time algorithms

et al. 2013

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Pulse transit time (PTT) is defined as the time it takes the blood pressure (BP) wave to propagate from the heart to a specified point on the body. After an initial BP measurement, PTT can track BP over short periods of time. This paper evaluates two PTT algorithms: Chen's and Poon's algorithm; two of the most cited works in the area. The criteria for evaluating them were: which was capable of best tracking changes in BP and which provided the longest time between subsequent BP measurements. These establish the suitability of the PTT method for practical applications, which has not been examined previously. Accuracy was evaluated using the Association of Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) and the British Hypertension Society's (BHS) standards. Results show that Chen's algorithm is dependent on its lookup table at short intervals but remains accurate using a 6-min calibration interval, with r ¼ 0.96 and r 2 ¼ 0.98. Poon's algorithm fails when using a 2-min calibration interval, but is more capable of reflecting changes in BP. The short calibration interval and accuracy limit the usefulness of calculating BP using PTT. Therefore, neither of the algorithms can be recommended because of their shortcomings when estimating BP.

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Continuous and Noninvasive Measurement of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure by One Mathematical Model with the Same Model Parameters and Two Separate Pulse Wave Velocities

Chen

Tao

et al. 2011

Ann Biomed Eng

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There is keen interest in continuous and noninvasive blood pressure (BP) measurement. However, many technologies have a shortcoming of complex mechanical structure. In our study, two arterial pulses are acquired by photoplethysmography (PPG) at ear and toe in order to explore a new method of measuring BP by pulse wave velocity (PWV). We previously validated and reported a BP-PWV mathematical model with measurements from humans with no evidence of cardiovascular disease, but were only able to determine PWV related to diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In this paper, we propose methods of identifying pulse transmit time (PTT) in low, normal and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) conditions. By averaging the PTT's of incident wave and reflected wave for non-systematic error reduction, we obtain a PWV that is suitable for estimating SBP. SBP and DBP are estimated by two separate PWV's based on the previously calibrated models. Experimental measurements are conducted on 26 subjects (age 19 ± 1 and 60 ± 1) with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. The measurement errors (Mean Deviation = 2.16 mmHg (SBP) and 1.49 mmHg (DBP); Standard Deviation = 6.23 mmHg (SBP) and 6.51 mmHg (DBP)) satisfy the accuracy criteria of Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. The results verify that SBP and DBP can be estimated by one mathematical model with the same model parameters and two separate PWV's.

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The beat-to-beat relationship between pulse transit time and systolic blood pressure

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Continuous and Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement: A Novel Modeling Methodology of the Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity

Continuous and Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement: A Novel Modeling Methodology of the Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity

An examination of calibration intervals required for accurately tracking blood pressure using pulse transit time algorithms

Continuous and Noninvasive Measurement of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure by One Mathematical Model with the Same Model Parameters and Two Separate Pulse Wave Velocities

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