The Basis of Ligon's Theory

The discriminant validity of the stroop color and word test: Toward a cost-effective strategy to distinguish subgroups of disruptive preadolescents

“…For example, it takes more time to identify the ink color of the word green written in red than to identify the ink color of the word red written red. Jaensch (1929) and Stroop (1935) were the first to combine word and color stimuli in this potentially conflicting situation. This phenomenon was best known as "the Stroop effect."…”

Interlingual interference in a bilingual version of the stroop color-word task

“…Bilinguals served as During the cour'se ol the experi~ ment they named the colors of ward~ or patches in beth languages on all 1:hree Ctl.rds, ( Card B and the two :f orms of Ca rd C) mak ing a total of six time scores for each s. Although the differences noted in time to perform on Cards A, B and C are highly reliable, there has been relatively little theorizing to account for these findings. Early researchers (Stroop, 1935a(Stroop, , 1935b(Stroop, , 1938) attributed the differences in time to complete Cards A and B to differentia! practice in naming (reading) the printed word and naming colors of objects.…”

Beyond the Black-and-White of Autism: How Cognitive Performance Varies with Context

“…EF plays an important role in cognitive development, as it leads to an improved ability to override automatic responses (Garon, Bryson, & Smith, 2008). A classical EF task -but by far not the only one -is the Stroop task, a task in which participants are asked to name the color of the ink used for a printed word, the word spelling a particular color (Stroop, 1935). The central finding is a slowing in reaction time when the ink color differs from the spelled-out color (compared to trials in which the ink color matches the spelled-out color), demonstrating the difficulty of inhibiting the automatic tendency to read the word.…”