The Baffin Island Expedition, 1950

Baird, P.D.

doi:10.2307/1790311

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Scientific research on the glaciers of this region first began in the early 1950s and has focused primarily on the two major ice caps (Ward, 1954;Orvig, 1954Orvig, , 1951Baird, 1952). Only a handful of in situ conventional and geodetic glacier observations exist for the Barnes Ice Cap (1950(Ward, 1954), 1962-1966(Sagar, 1966), 1965-1966(Løken and Sagar, 1967), 1970-1984(Hooke et al, 1987) and 1984-2006(Sneed et al, 2008), the Penny Ice Cap (1953(Ward, 1954, 2008-present (Geological Survey of Canada)) and a small valley glacier situated to the northeast of the Penny Ice Cap (1969( -1976( (Weaver, 1975).…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated contributions of Canada's Baffin and Bylot Island glaciers to sea level rise over the past half century

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Canadian Arctic glaciers have recently contributed large volumes of meltwater to the world's oceans. To place recently observed glacier wastage into a historical perspective and to determine the region's longer-term (∼50 years) contribution to sea level, we estimate mass and volume changes for the glaciers of Baffin and Bylot Islands using digital elevation models generated from airborne and satellite stereoscopic imagery and elevation postings from repeat airborne and satellite laser altimetry. In addition, we update existing glacier mass change records from GRACE satellite gravimetry to cover the period from 2003 to 2011. Using this integrated approach, we find that the rate of mass loss from the region's glaciers increased from 11.1 ± 3.4 Gt a −1 (271 ± 84 kg m −2 a −1 ) for the period 1963-2006 to 23.8 ± 6.1 Gt a −1 (581 ± 149 kg m −2 a −1 ) for the period 2003-2011. The doubling of the rate of mass loss is attributed to higher temperatures in summer with little change in annual precipitation. Through both direct and indirect effects, changes in summer temperatures accounted for 70-98 % of the variance in the rate of mass loss, to which the Barnes Ice Cap was found to be 1.7 times more sensitive than either the Penny Ice Cap or the region's glaciers as a whole. This heightened sensitivity is the result of a glacier hypsometry that is skewed to lower elevations, which are shown to have a higher mass change sensitive to temperature compared to glacier surfaces at higher elevations. Between 2003 and 2011 the glaciers of Baffin and Bylot Islands contributed 0.07 ± 0.02 mm a −1 to sea level rise accounting for 16 % of the total contribution from glaciers outside of Greenland and Antarctica, a rate much higher than the longer-term average of 0.03 ± 0.01 mm a −1 (1963 to 2006).

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Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated contributions of Canada's Baffin and Bylot Island glaciers to sea level rise over the past half century

et al. 2012

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“…Scientific research on the glaciers of this region first began in the early 1950s and has focused primarily on the two major ice caps (Ward, 1954;Orvig, 1954Orvig, , 1951Baird, 1952). Only a handful of in situ conventional and geodetic glacier observations exist for the Barnes Ice Cap (1950(Ward, 1954), 1962-1966 (Sagar, 1966(Sagar, ), 1965(Sagar, -1966 (Løken and Sagar, 1967), 1970-1984(Hooke et al, 1987 and 1984-2006(Sneed et al, 2008), the Penny Ice Cap (1953(Ward, 1954, 2008-present (Geological Survey of Canada)) and a small valley glacier situated to the northeast of the Penny Ice Cap (1969)(1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974)(1975)(1976) (Weaver, 1975)).…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple groundwater scheme in the TRIP river routing model: global off-line evaluation against GRACE terrestrial water storage estimates and observed river discharges

Vergnes¹,

Decharme²

2012

Preprint

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Groundwater is a non-negligible component of the global hydrological cycle, and its interaction with its overlying unsaturated zones can influence water and energy fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere. Despite its importance, groundwater is not yet represented in most climate models. In this paper, the simple groundwater scheme implemented in the Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (TRIP) river routing model is applied in off-line mode at global scale using a 0.5° model resolution. The simulated river discharges are evaluated against a large dataset of about 3500 gauging stations compiled from the Global Data Runoff Center (GRDC) and other sources, while the Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) variations derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission helps to evaluate the simulated TWS. The forcing fields (surface runoff and deep drainage) come from an independent simulation of the ISBA land surface model covering the period from 1950 to 2008. Results show that groundwater improves the efficiency scores for about 70% of the gauging stations and deteriorates them for 15%. The simulated TWS are also in better agreement with the GRACE estimates. These results are mainly explained by the lag introduced by the low-frequency variations of groundwater, which tend to shift and smooth the simulated river discharges and TWS. A sensitivity study on the global precipitation forcing used in ISBA to produce the forcing fields is also proposed. It shows that the groundwater scheme is not influenced by the uncertainties in precipitation data

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“…Baffin Island is of particular glaciological importance as it played a central role in the initiation of the of the Laurentide Ice Sheet some 116 thousand years ago (Clark et al, 1993), the remnants of which still exist today in the two large ice caps (Hooke, 1976;Fisher et al, 1998;Zdanowicz et al, 2002). Scientific research on the glaciers of this region first began in the early 1950s and has focused primarily on the two major ice caps (Ward, 1954;Orvig, 1954Orvig, , 1951Baird, 1952). Only a handful of in situ conventional and geodetic glacier observations exist for the Barnes Ice Cap (1950;Ward, 1954;1962-1966Sagar, 1966;1965-1966Løken and Sagar, 1967;1970-1984Hooke et al, 1987Hooke et al, and 1984Hooke et al, -2006Sneed et al, 2008), the Penny Ice Cap (1953;Ward, 1954;2008-present;Geological Survey of Canada) and a small valley glacier situated to northeast of the Penny Ice Cap (1969-1976Weaver, 1975).…”

Section: Study Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term contributions of Baffin and Bylot Island Glaciers to sea level rise: an integrated approach using airborne and satellite laser altimetry, stereoscopic imagery and satellite gravimetry

Gardner¹,

Moholdt²,

Arendt³

et al. 2012

Preprint

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Canadian Arctic glaciers have recently contributed large volumes of meltwater to the world's oceans. To place recently observed glacier wastage into a historical perspective and to determine the region's longer-term (~50 years) contribution to sea level, we estimate mass and volume changes for the glaciers of Baffin and Bylot Islands using Digital Elevation Models generated from airborne and satellite stereoscopic imagery and elevation postings from repeat airborne and satellite laser altimetry. In addition, we update existing glacier mass change records from GRACE satellite gravimetry to cover the period from 2003 to 2011. Using an integrated approach we find that the rate of mass loss from the region's glaciers increased from 11.1 ± 1.8 Gt a−1 (–270 ± 40 kg m−2 a−1) in 1963–2006 to 23.8 ± 3.1 Gt a−1 (–580 ± 80 kg m2 a−1) in 2003–2011. The doubling of the rate of mass loss is attributed to higher temperatures in summer with little change in annual precipitation. Through both direct and indirect effects, changes in summer temperatures accounted for 68–98 % of the variance in the rate of mass loss to which the Barnes Ice Cap was found to be 1.6 times more sensitive than either the Penny Ice Cap or the regions glaciers as a whole. Between 2003 and 2011 the glaciers of Baffin and Bylot Islands contributed 0.07 ± 0.01 mm a−1 to sea level rise, a rate equivalent to the contribution coming from Patagonian glaciers. Over the 48-year period between 1963 and 2011 the glaciers of Baffin and Bylot Islands contributed 1.7 mm to the world's oceans

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The Baffin Island Expedition, 1950

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Accelerated contributions of Canada's Baffin and Bylot Island glaciers to sea level rise over the past half century

Accelerated contributions of Canada's Baffin and Bylot Island glaciers to sea level rise over the past half century

A simple groundwater scheme in the TRIP river routing model: global off-line evaluation against GRACE terrestrial water storage estimates and observed river discharges

Long-term contributions of Baffin and Bylot Island Glaciers to sea level rise: an integrated approach using airborne and satellite laser altimetry, stereoscopic imagery and satellite gravimetry

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