The Badenian–Sarmatian Extinction Event in the Carpathian foredeep basin of Romania: Paleogeographic changes in the Paratethys domain

Palcu, Dan V.; Tulbure, Maria; Bartol, Miloš; Kouwenhoven, Tanja J.; Krijgsman, Wout

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.08.014

Cited by 70 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Stratigraphic correlations to the standard Geological Time Scale (GTS) are generally problematic (Piller, Harzhauser, & Mandic, ). In the absence of reliable biostratigraphic correlations, independent magnetostratigraphic and radio‐isotopic age determinations became crucial for direct correlations of the Paratethyan records to the GTS (ter Borgh et al., ; Hohenegger et al., ; Krijgsman, Stoica, Vasiliev, & Popov, ; Palcu, Tulbure, Bartol, Kouwenhoven, & Krijgsman, ; Palcu et al., ; Paulissen, Luthi, Grunert, Ćorić, & Harzhauser, ; Reichenbacher et al., ; Sant et al., ; Van Baak et al., ; Vasiliev, Krijgsman, Stoica, & Langereis, ; Vasiliev et al., , , ).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Late Miocene stratigraphy of the Mediterranean and Paratethys (Hilgen et al., , Popov et al., , Steininger (1999); Palcu et al., , )…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stratigraphic correlations to the standard Geological Time Scale (GTS) are generally problematic (Piller, Harzhauser, & Mandic, 2007). In the absence of reliable biostratigraphic correlations, independent magnetostratigraphic and radio-isotopic age F I G U R E 1 Late Miocene stratigraphy of the Mediterranean and Paratethys (Hilgen et al, 2012, Steininger (1999Palcu et al, 2015Palcu et al, , 2017 PALCU ET AL.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…determinations became crucial for direct correlations of the Paratethyan records to the GTS (ter Borgh et al, 2013;Hohenegger et al, 2009;Krijgsman, Stoica, Vasiliev, & Popov, 2010;Palcu, Tulbure, Bartol, Kouwenhoven, & Krijgsman, 2015;Palcu et al, 2017;Paulissen, Luthi, Grunert, Ćorić, & Harzhauser, 2011;Reichenbacher et al, 2013;Sant et al, 2017;Van Baak et al, 2013;Vasiliev, Krijgsman, Stoica, & Langereis, 2005;Vasiliev et al, 2004Vasiliev et al, , 2010Vasiliev et al, , 2011.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The end of the Great Khersonian Drying of Eurasia: Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Maeotian transgression in the Eastern Paratethys

et al. 2018

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Central Eurasia underwent significant palaeoclimatic and palaeogeographic transformations during the middle to late Miocene. The open marine ecosystems of the Langhian and Serravallian seas progressively collapsed and were replaced in the Tortonian by large endorheic lakes. These lakes experienced major fluctuations in water level, directly reflecting the palaeoclimatic conditions of the region. An extreme lowstand of the Eastern Paratethys lake (−300 m) during the regional Khersonian stage reveals a period of intensely dry conditions in Central Eurasia causing a fragmentation of the Paratethys region. This period of “Great Drying” ended by a climate change towards more humid conditions at the base of the Maeotian stage, resulting in a large transgressive event that reconnected most of the Paratethyan basins. The absence of a robust time frame for the Khersonian–Maeotian interval hampers a direct correlation with the global records and complicates a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here we present a new chronostratigraphic framework for the Khersonian and Maeotian deposits of the Dacian Basin of Romania, based on integrated magneto‐biostratigraphic studies on long and continuous sedimentary successions. We show the dry climate conditions in the Khersonian start at 8.6–8.4 Ma. The Khersonian/Maeotian transition is dated at 7.65–7.5 Ma, several million years younger than previous estimates. The Maeotian transgression occurs later (7.5–7.4 Ma) in more marginal and shallower basins, in agreement with the time transgressive character of the flooding. In addition, we date a sudden water level drop of the Eastern Paratethys lake, the Intra‐Maeotian Event (IME), at 6.9 Ma, and hypothesize that this corresponds to a reconnection phase with the Aegean basin of the Mediterranean. Finally, we discuss the potential mechanisms explaining the particularities of the Maeotian transgression and conclude that the low salinity and the seemingly “marine influxes” most likely correspond to episodes of intrabasinal mixing in a gradual and pulsating transgressive setting.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Late Miocene stratigraphy of the Mediterranean and Paratethys (Hilgen et al., , Popov et al., , Steininger (1999); Palcu et al., , )…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The end of the Great Khersonian Drying of Eurasia: Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Maeotian transgression in the Eastern Paratethys

et al. 2018

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“…Recently, however, this paradigm was challenged by new age constraints and comparison with global palaeoclimatic proxy records and modelled sea‐level curves (van de Wal, de Boer, Lourens, Köhler, & Bintanja, ; Zachos, Dickens, & Zeebe, ) showing that many Paratethyan events do not correspond to changes in global sea level but are more likely a reflection of geodynamically induced changes in basin connectivity (e.g. Grunert, Tzanova, Harzhauser, & Piller, ; Kováč, Baráth, Harzhauser, Hlavatý, & Hudáčková, ; Palcu, Tulbure, Bartol, Kouwenhoven, & Krijgsman, ; ter Borgh et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing seas in the Early–Middle Miocene of Central Europe: a Mediterranean approach to Paratethyan stratigraphy

et al. 2017

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The Miocene palaeogeographic evolution of the Paratethys Sea is still poorly constrained. Here, we use modern Mediterranean biochronology to provide an up‐to‐date overview of changing seas in Central Europe. Instead of a Paratethys that waxed and waned with fluctuating global sea levels, we show that the development of different seas was mainly controlled by tectonic phases. The Early Miocene “Ottnangian Sea” (~18 Ma) was connected to the Mediterranean via the Rhône valley, while the “Karpatian Sea” (~16.5 Ma) was initiated by a tectonically induced marine transgression through the Trans‐Tethyan gateway. In most Central European basins, the establishment of the “Badenian Sea” (<15.2 Ma), triggered by subduction‐related processes in the Pannonian and Carpathian domain, is significantly younger (by ~1 Myr) than usually estimated. The updated palaeogeographic reconstructions provide a better understanding of the concepts of basin dynamics, land–sea distribution and palaeoenvironmental change in the Miocene of Central Europe.

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Early diagenetic greigite as an indicator of paleosalinity changes in the middle Miocene Paratethys Sea of central Europe

Liu

Krijgsman

Dekkers

et al. 2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The Miocene epicontinental Paratethys Sea of central Eurasia has experienced multiple restriction and reconnection events to the open ocean. Magnetostratigraphy is an important dating tool to better understand the temporal and spatial paleoenvironmental variations associated with these changes. Magnetostratigraphy in the Paratethys domain, however, is complicated by the presence of greigite (Fe3S4). Here we report rock magnetic and X‐ray fluorescence data of the Tisa section (Romania) which was previously magnetostratigraphically dated at the middle Miocene (base at 12.8 Ma and top at 12.2 Ma). This section comprises the Badenian Sarmatian Extinction Event (BSEE), which is marked by a major salinity change from marine to brackish environments, related to the opening of the connection between the Central and the Eastern Paratethys basins. In the marine Badenian sediments below the BSEE, the pyritization process is shown to be complete because of abundant sulfate supply. In the brackish Sarmatian deposits, four intervals with early diagenetic greigite are observed, and linked to insufficient sulfate in the water column. These four greigite intervals appear to correspond to maxima in the ∼100 kyr eccentricity cycle. We propose that increased fresh water from the Eastern Paratethys basin during eccentricity maxima restricted the sulfate availability in the Tisa area, leading to a reduced HS− production and enhanced greigite preservation. The early diagenetic formation of greigite enables a quasi syn‐depositional recording of the paleomagnetic field, which allows reliable paleomagnetic dating in this section. Our results further suggest greigite as a potential indicator for salinity changes during marine/brackish transitions.

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The Badenian–Sarmatian Extinction Event in the Carpathian foredeep basin of Romania: Paleogeographic changes in the Paratethys domain

Cited by 70 publications

References 43 publications

The end of the Great Khersonian Drying of Eurasia: Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Maeotian transgression in the Eastern Paratethys

The end of the Great Khersonian Drying of Eurasia: Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Maeotian transgression in the Eastern Paratethys

Changing seas in the Early–Middle Miocene of Central Europe: a Mediterranean approach to Paratethyan stratigraphy

Early diagenetic greigite as an indicator of paleosalinity changes in the middle Miocene Paratethys Sea of central Europe

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