The attenuation effect of low piperine Piper nigrum extract on doxorubicin-induced toxicity of blood chemical and immunological properties in mammary tumour rats

Abstract

Context Many natural extracts have been shown to minimize the toxicity of doxorubicin (Dox). Low piperine Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) extract (PFPE) is a natural extract containing many types of antioxidants that may reduce Dox toxicities. Objective To evaluate the effect of PFPE in attenuating the side effects of Dox. Materials and methods Tumour-bearing Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups including normal, vehicle, 100 mg/kg BW of PFPE plus 2 mg/kg BW of Dox (P100 + Dox), 100 mg/kg BW of PFPE plus 2 mg/kg BW of Dox (P200 + Dox) and Dox. Rats were treated with Dox and/or PFPE three times/week for 4 weeks. Tumour burden, blood parameters, weight of internal organs and immunological data were investigated. Results The addition of 200 mg/kg PFPE significantly restored the levels of AST from 174.60 ± 45.67 U/L in the Dox group near to normal levels at 109.80 ± 4.99 U/L. The combination of PFPE and Dox also decreased the levels of CXCL7, TIMP-1, sICAM-1 and l -selectin about 1.4–1.6-fold compared to Dox group. Feeding rats with 200 mg/kg BW of PFPE combination with Dox slightly increased Th1 from 161.67 ± 14.28 cells in Dox group to 200.75 ± 5.8 cells meanwhile suppressed Treg from 3088 ± 78 cells in Dox to 2561 ± 71 cells. Discussion and conclusions This study showed that PFPE ameliorated Dox toxicity in many aspects indicating the role of antioxidant and other substances in the extract on toxicity attenuation. This suggested the using of PFPE may be valuable for Dox treated patients.

Cyanidin-3-O-β-Glucoside Attenuates Platelet Chemokines and Their Receptors in Atherosclerotic Inflammation of ApoE–/– Mice

“…In acute coronary syndrome patients, the expression of ACKR3/CXCR7 on platelets was significantly enhanced and was found to associate with the improvement of recovery and prognosis . The attenuation effect of low piperine extracts on CXCL7 was observed in mammary tumor rats . In the present study, the decreased plasma CXCL7 in ApoE –/– mice and inhibited CXCR7 on the surface of platelets and PBMCs were achieved by Cy-3-g supplementation.…”

“…31 The attenuation effect of low piperine extracts on CXCL7 was observed in mammary tumor rats. 32 In the present study, the decreased plasma CXCL7 in ApoE −/− mice and inhibited CXCR7 on the surface of platelets and PBMCs were achieved by Cy-3-g supplementation. The results demon- strated the inhibition of Cy-3-g on platelet chemokines and chemokine receptors and provided evidence for platelet chemokines as important biomarkers in atherosclerotic inflammation.…”

Piper nigrum Extract: Dietary Supplement for Reducing Mammary Tumor Incidence and Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity

“…PFPE can also suppress the levels of cytokines and chemokines linked to cancer development [20]. Furthermore, PFPE combined with doxorubicin enhanced and returned blood parameters to normal ranges in mammary tumor-bearing rats [21]. From a review of the literature and our previous reports, this plant extract has chemo-preventive properties, which are potent enough to decrease the risk of tumor formation and inhibit tumor growth in both in vitro and in vivo studies.…”

Piper nigrum extract retards tumor growth by reducing tumor-promoted cytokines/chemokines and modulating immune cells in blood circulation

“…Moreover, PFPE enhanced the antitumor immunity via the regulation of Th1/Th2/Regulatory T (Treg) cells [13]. Combining PFPE with the chemotherapy drug (doxorubicin) improves blood parameters and reduces pro-tumorigenic cytokine induced by doxorubicin [14]. A recent study reported that PFPE reduces mammary tumor incidence and chemotherapy-induced toxicity [15].…”