The Atmospheric Dynamic Extreme of Tropical as an Analysis of Climate Change in Indonesia

Abstract

Variability of rainfall, especially in tropical regions like Indonesia has been an important issue that needs to be studied to find out the effect caused. The phenomenon of the occurrence of a flood is more indicated by the heavy rains fall in the region of Jakarta for a few days. This research aims to analyze the characteristics of heavy rain through the approach of atmospheric dynamic anomaly using the WRF model. The method used in this research was Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) using the scheme of Kain Fritsch's cumulus parameter. The method of this research was applied to the occurrence of the most extreme rainfall of the data from 2007 and 2015 in Jakarta. The analysis result shows that the extreme rainfall was caused by the growth of rail clouds type of Cumulonimbus. The analysis of atmospheric dynamics and the numeric calculation shows that there has been a growth of extreme rain clouds above Jakarta skies indicating the occurrence of climate change.

Rainfall Estimation Model in Seasonal Zone and Non-Seasonal Zone Regions Using Weather Radar Imagery Based on a Gradient Boosting Algorithm

“…In addition to seasonal patterns, Indonesia's territory is divided according to three rain pattern types, namely, monsoonal, local, and equatorial [10]. The diversity of rain patterns in the Indonesian region presents a challenge for the estimation of rainfall in various regions throughout the country [11]. The Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) has stated that Indonesia, as a tropical and archipelagic country, has complex atmospheric phenomena due to the complexity and uncertainty of its rain distribution.…”