Abstract:Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health threat, and thus, an early and effective set of predictors is needed to manage the course of the disease. Objectives: We aim to determine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on lipid profile and to evaluate whether the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) could be used to predict in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this retrospective chart review study, a total of 139 confirmed COVID-19 patients, whose diagnoses are confirmed by P… Show more
“…Additionally, HDL or ApoA-I levels were significantly lower in severe, critically ill and mortality groups compared to patients with mild COVID-19 (Wang et al, 2020b;Ouyang et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2020;Zhang Q. et al, 2020;Hilser et al, 2021;Turgay Yıldırım and Kaya, 2021). This suggests that HDL is associated with COVID-19 severity and risk of death (Tanaka et al, 2020b;Wang et al, 2020;Wei X. et al, 2020;Zhang B. et al, 2020).…”
Section: Relationship Of Hdl With the Outcomes Of Patients With Covid-19mentioning
The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global challenge. Managing a large number of acutely ill patients in a short time, whilst reducing the fatality rate and dealing with complications, brings unique difficulties. The most striking pathophysiological features of patients with severe COVID-19 are dysregulated immune responses and abnormal coagulation function, which can result in multiple-organ failure and death. Normally metabolized high-density lipoprotein (HDL) performs several functions, including reverse cholesterol transport, direct binding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to neutralize LPS activity, regulation of inflammatory response, anti-thrombotic effects, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Clinical data shows that significantly decreased HDL levels in patients with COVID-19 are correlated with both disease severity and mortality. However, the role of HDL in COVID-19 and its specific mechanism remain unclear. In this analysis, we review current evidence mainly in the following areas: firstly, the pathophysiological characteristics of COVID-19, secondly, the pleiotropic properties of HDL, thirdly, the changes and clinical significance of HDL in COVID-19, and fourthly the prospect of HDL-targeting therapy in COVID-19 to clarify the role of HDL in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and discuss the potential of HDL therapy in COVID-19.
“…Additionally, HDL or ApoA-I levels were significantly lower in severe, critically ill and mortality groups compared to patients with mild COVID-19 (Wang et al, 2020b;Ouyang et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2020;Zhang Q. et al, 2020;Hilser et al, 2021;Turgay Yıldırım and Kaya, 2021). This suggests that HDL is associated with COVID-19 severity and risk of death (Tanaka et al, 2020b;Wang et al, 2020;Wei X. et al, 2020;Zhang B. et al, 2020).…”
Section: Relationship Of Hdl With the Outcomes Of Patients With Covid-19mentioning
The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global challenge. Managing a large number of acutely ill patients in a short time, whilst reducing the fatality rate and dealing with complications, brings unique difficulties. The most striking pathophysiological features of patients with severe COVID-19 are dysregulated immune responses and abnormal coagulation function, which can result in multiple-organ failure and death. Normally metabolized high-density lipoprotein (HDL) performs several functions, including reverse cholesterol transport, direct binding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to neutralize LPS activity, regulation of inflammatory response, anti-thrombotic effects, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Clinical data shows that significantly decreased HDL levels in patients with COVID-19 are correlated with both disease severity and mortality. However, the role of HDL in COVID-19 and its specific mechanism remain unclear. In this analysis, we review current evidence mainly in the following areas: firstly, the pathophysiological characteristics of COVID-19, secondly, the pleiotropic properties of HDL, thirdly, the changes and clinical significance of HDL in COVID-19, and fourthly the prospect of HDL-targeting therapy in COVID-19 to clarify the role of HDL in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and discuss the potential of HDL therapy in COVID-19.
“…In another retrospective study conducted in Turkey, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), calculated as the base 10 logarithm of the triglyceride to HDL-C ratio, was found to consist an early biomarker to predict pneumonia, intubation and intensive care need in 139 COVID-19 patients [ 21 ]. Among them, 26 patients died.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The AIP in the deceased group was significantly higher compared with that in the survivor group ( p < 0.001). Of note, the deceased group had more patients with hypertension ( p = 0.006), diabetes mellitus ( p = 0.002), cardiovascular diseases ( p = 0.001) and chronic renal failure ( p = 0.003) compared with the survivor group [ 21 ]. Regarding lipid profile, TCHOL, HDL-C and LDL-C levels were lower ( p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively) and triglyceride levels were higher ( p < 0.001) in deceased patients when compared with survivors.…”
Background and aims
To systematically address all the relevant evidence of the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and COVID-19 infection.
Methods
We searched PubMed, PubMed Central and medRxiv databases (up to May 2021) for studies related to HDL-C and COVID-19 infection. A qualitative synthesis of published prospective and retrospective studies for the role of low HDL-C levels on COVID-19 infection severity was performed.
Results
Thirty-three studies (6 prospective, 27 retrospective) including 11,918 COVID-19 patients were eligible for the systematic review. Twelve studies compared HDL-C levels on admission in COVID-19 patients with healthy controls. In these 12 studies, COVID-19 patients had significantly lower HDL-C levels on admission compared with that of healthy controls. Twenty-eight studies observed the HDL-C levels among COVID-19 diagnosed patients, to establish the role of low HDL-C values in the prognosis of the infection. Twenty-four studies showed a correlation between low HDL-C levels with disease severity, while only 4 studies showed no association.
Conclusions
Low HDL-C levels should be added in the list of the others well-known risk factors for COVID-19 severity.
“…Adding Ip et al.’s 171 COVID-19 patients to a previously group of 12 studies analysed by Zuin et al. [ 7 ], and conducting a random effects meta-analysis for this invited commentary, we estimate a pooled prevalence of pre-existing AF in 13 studies [ 6 , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] ] with 15,731 COVID-19 patients of 11.2% (95% CI: 8.3–15.1%), (unpublished data; Figure 1 ). However, the 34.5% total burden of AF reported by Ip et al.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The risk of incident AF has previously been reported to be more than four-fold higher in COVID-19 ICU patients versus those admitted to non-ICU wards [ 20 ], likely explaining the observed arrhythmia burden. Figure 1 Prevalence of pre-existing atrial fibrillation in hospitalised COVID-19 patients (unpublished data; [ [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] ]). …”
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