The asymmetric meiosis in pentaploid dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae) is associated with a skewed distribution of rRNA gene families in the gametes

Kovařı́k, Aleš; Werlemark, G.; Leitch, Andrew R.; Soucková-Skalická, Kamila; Lim, Yoong K.; Khaitová, Lucie Crhák; Koukalová, B.; Nybom, Hilde

doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.63

Cited by 38 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The sequences were aligned and checked for polymorphic sites (for the alignment matrix, see Supplementary Figure S1). In R. caesia and R. sherardii, essentially the same mutation hot spots (8-9) were identified as found in earlier ITS studies of R. canina, R. rubiginosa and R. dumalis (Kovarik et al, 2008b). In addition, four sites (À48, À119, À129, À156) were found to be highly polymorphic in the tetraploid R. mollis, whereas they were apparently monomorphic in the pentaploid species.…”

Section: Analysis Of Its From Gdna Clonessupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Polyploid dogroses contain both conserved and divergent rDNA types Our earlier study revealed the presence of multiple ITS families in three pentaploid species, R. canina, R. rubiginosa and R. dumalis (Kovarik et al, 2008b). In this study, we extended the analysis to two pentaploid (R. sherardii, R. caesia) and one tetraploid (R. mollis) species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, interlocus homogenization may be limited or nonexisting in Rosa allopolyploids. The b-family seems to be ubiquitously present in all three polyploids analyzed (R. canina, R. rubiginosa and R. dumalis), whereas the other families showed more restricted distribution (Kovarik et al, 2008b). In addition, when the DNA was extracted from mature pollen grains (thought to contain predominantly haploid bivalent-forming genomes) the ratios were skewed toward the b-family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The sequences were assembled and aligned using the BIOEDIT 3 program (Hall, 1999), using the CLUSTAL W algorithm. The central region from nt À168 to À48 (with respect to the 5.8S coding region) containing hypervariable sites (Kovarik et al, 2008b) was selected and used for phylogenetic analysis. The final alignment contained 120 nucleotides without indels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is probably why some allopolyploids maintain their parental genes, whereas others are characterized by extensive homogenization of repeats across the subgenomes. The pentaploid dogroses belong to the former group, having different ITS types (Wissemann, 2003b) that fall into two phylogenetically well-separated clades (Kovarik et al, 2008b) and are distributed at least on five chromosomes in Rosa canina . Thus, interlocus homogenization may be limited or nonexisting in Rosa allopolyploids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequent silencing of rDNA loci on the univalent-forming genomes contrasts with their stable expression on the bivalent-forming genomes in polyploid dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae)

et al. 2009

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The polyploid species in Rosa section Caninae (2n ¼ 21, 28 or 35) are characterized by an unusual reproductive system known as odd (or asymmetric) meiosis. Only two chromosome sets form bivalents in meiosis, whereas the remaining chromosomes are transmitted as univalents through the female germline. Evolution of ribosomal rRNA genes (rDNA) does not seem to be significantly affected by interlocus homogenization in dogroses. As a consequence, most species contain several rDNA families falling into two main clades (b and g) thought to be differentially distributed between bivalent and univalent chromosomes, respectively. Here, we have investigated expression of rRNA gene families in five pentaploid species (R. canina, R. rubiginosa, R. dumalis, R. sherardii and R. caesia, 2n ¼ 35) and in one tetraploid (R. mollis, 2n ¼ 28). Using extensive sequencing of ITS clones and cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS) analysis, we found that the b-family was constitutively expressed in all species. However, there was large variation in the expression patterns of families constituting the g-clade. In addition, a single family can be active in one species, whereas silenced in another. The data show that the families on bivalent-forming chromosomes dominate rDNA expression in all dogrose species. We hypothesize that genes on bivalent genomes are stably expressed, whereas those on univalent genomes undergo variable levels of epigenetic silencing. Nonetheless, mosaic expression of univalent genomes could contribute to phenotypic variation between the species.

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Section: Analysis Of Its From Gdna Clonessupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequent silencing of rDNA loci on the univalent-forming genomes contrasts with their stable expression on the bivalent-forming genomes in polyploid dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae)

et al. 2009

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Dogroses: Botany, Horticulture, Genetics, and Breeding

Werlemark

Nybom

2009

Horticultural Reviews

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Flow cytometric seed screen data are consistent with models of chromosome inheritance in asymmetrically compensating allopolyploids

Kolarčik¹,

Kocová²,

Vašková³

2018

Cytometry Pt A

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Angiosperms have evolved a mechanism of double fertilization, which results in the production of a separate embryo (new individual) and endosperm (nutritive tissue). The flow cytometric seed screen (FCSS) was developed to infer plant reproduction modes based on endosperm-to-embryo DNA content ratio (P ). A ratio of 1.5 indicates sexual reproduction, whereas higher values of ≥2.0 are consistent with apomixis. Although FCSS has been successfully applied to the study of sexual and asexual plants, the limits of FCSS and particularly its potential for determination of reproduction modes in hemisexual plants have not been explored. Here, we evaluated the application of FCSS to the study of reproduction modes in two asymmetrically compensating allopolyploids (ACAs), Onosma arenaria and Rosa canina. These two species are characterized by the presence of asexually inherited univalent-forming and sexually inherited bivalent-forming chromosome sets. They both use asymmetric meiosis, which eliminates univalent-forming chromosome sets from the male gamete and retains them in the female gamete. Different chromosomal behavior in male and female meiosis in these plants is reflected in different theoretically derived P values, which deviate from a sexual 1.5 value. Here, we determined P FCSS-based values in seeds of ACAs, and compared the results to sexual species. As expected, we determined that the mean P is 1.51, 1.52, and 1.52 in the sexual plants, that is, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Crataegus monogyna, and O. pseudoarenaria, respectively. In the ACAs, different mean P values were determined for O. arenaria (1.61) and R. canina (1.82). These values are consistent with the theoretical P values determined based on models of chromosome inheritance. This study highlights the precision of flow cytometry in determining DNA content and it's utility in screening reproduction modes. Additionally, it advocates for more in-depth investigations into rapid screening of accessions where the P ratio has deviated from the 1.5 value typical of sexual species, which may indicate meiotic irregularities.

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The asymmetric meiosis in pentaploid dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae) is associated with a skewed distribution of rRNA gene families in the gametes

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Frequent silencing of rDNA loci on the univalent-forming genomes contrasts with their stable expression on the bivalent-forming genomes in polyploid dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae)

Frequent silencing of rDNA loci on the univalent-forming genomes contrasts with their stable expression on the bivalent-forming genomes in polyploid dogroses (Rosa sect. Caninae)

Dogroses: Botany, Horticulture, Genetics, and Breeding

Flow cytometric seed screen data are consistent with models of chromosome inheritance in asymmetrically compensating allopolyploids

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